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1 solutum

solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:
soluisse,
Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.
I.
To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.
A.
In a corporeal sense.
1.
Outwardly, to release.
a.
From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:
solvite istas,
i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:
solvite istum,
id. Mil. 5, 32:
numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:
jube solvi (eum),
Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:
ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:
ut vincti solvantur,
id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §
12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:
ita nexi soluti (sunt),
Liv. 8, 28, 9:
solvite me, pueri,
Verg. E. 6, 24:
fore ut brevi solveretur,
Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:
canis solutus catena,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:
solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),
Stat. Th. 5, 15:
terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—
b.
From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:
solverat sol equos,
unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:
et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:
et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,
id. H. 11, 4:
praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:
soluta toga,
Quint. 11, 3, 147:
vela solvere,
Verg. A. 4, 574.—
c.
From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:
Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,
Prop. 2, 1, 69:
fraxinus solvitur,
from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:
ceciditque soluta pinus,
id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:
pinus radice soluta, deficit,
id. S. 5, 1, 152:
solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:
accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,
detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;
but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,
Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:
querno solvunt de stipite funem,
id. F. 4, 333:
fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,
id. Am. 2, 11, 23:
curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),
Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:
imber caelesti nube solutus,
Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:
cum solis radii absumant,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:
solutum a latere pugionem,
detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—
d.
Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.
(α).
With acc. alone:
eisce confectis navem solvimus,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:
navim cupimus solvere,
id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:
naves solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;
3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,
Liv. 45, 6:
postero die solvere naves (jussi),
id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:
classem solvere,
Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—
(β).
With ab and abl.:
navis a terra solverunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:
quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,
Liv. 31, 7 med.:
solvunt a litore puppes,
Luc. 2, 649.—
(γ).
With ex and abl.:
nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:
interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—
(δ).
With abl.:
complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:
portu solventibus,
id. Mur. 2, 4.—
(ε).
Absol. (sc. navem or naves):
tertia fere vigilia solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23:
nos eo die cenati solvimus,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:
altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,
Liv. 31, 14 init.:
qui inde solverant,
Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:
solvi mare languido,
Sen. Ep. 53, 1:
fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,
id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:
non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,
making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—
(ζ).
With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):
naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—
(η).
Poet. usages:
de litore puppis solvit iter,
clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:
nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,
Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—
e.
Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,
Lucr. 6, 706:
cruor solvitur,
Stat. Th. 9, 530:
lacrimas solvere,
id. Achill. 2, 256:
solutis lacrimis,
Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,
partus solvere,
to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—
2.
To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.
a.
In gen.:
omne colligatum solvi potest,
Cic. Fin. 11.—
b.
Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
solvere naves et rursus conjungere,
Curt. 8, 10, 3:
solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:
dubitavit an solveret pontem,
Curt. 4, 16, 8:
solvere pontem,
Tac. A. 1, 69:
si pons solutus sit,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:
solutus pons tempestatibus,
Just. 2, 13, 9:
currum (solis) solutum,
Manil. 1, 740.—
c.
Of woven stuff:
solvens texta,
Prop. 2, 9, 6.—
d.
Of mountains:
utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),
Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:
tridente Neptunus montem solvit,
id. Agam. 553.—
e.
Of the neck:
soluta cervix silicis impulsu,
broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—
f.
Of a comet:
momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—
g.
Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:
solve capillos,
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:
crinem,
id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:
comas casside,
Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—
h.
Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;
post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:
ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,
Stat. Th. 7, 745. —
3.
To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.
(α).
Of a change into air or gas:
calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,
dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:
nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,
id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:
ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,
Stat. Th. 5, 285;
nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,
Ov. M. 15, 845.—
(β).
Into a liquid, to melt:
saepe terra in tabem solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:
terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,
id. ib. 3, 29, 4:
nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,
Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:
ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,
nivem solvere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:
rigor auri solvitur aestu,
Lucr. 1, 493:
ferrum calidi solvant camini,
Manil. 4, 250:
cerae igne solutae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 47:
Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,
Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:
(herba) quinto die solvitur,
id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—
(γ).
Of putrefaction:
(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,
Verg. G. 4, 302.—
(δ).
Of change in general:
inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,
Ov. F. 1, 108:
repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),
Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—
(ε).
Of expansion by heat:
(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—
(ζ).
Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:
gravitas aeris solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—
(η).
Solvi in, to pass into, become:
in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,
Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:
donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,
disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:
postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),
Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—
4.
To consume, to destroy, dissolve:
solvere orbes,
Manil. 1, 497:
ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),
Lucr. 3, 287:
(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,
Liv. 39, 40, 11:
si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:
(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 4:
tabes solvit corpora,
Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:
nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),
id. 3, 506:
ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,
Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:
solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,
Sen. Ep. 22, 3:
hanc mihi solvite vitam,
Prop. 2, 9, 39.—
B.
Trop.
1.
To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.
a.
From the body, etc.:
teque isto corpore solvo,
Verg. A. 4, 703:
soluta corpore anima,
Quint. 5, 14, 13:
qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,
Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:
vocem solvere,
to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:
suspiria solvit,
Stat. Th. 11, 604:
solvat turba jocos,
Sen. Med. 114:
solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),
Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:
Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,
unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—
b.
Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:
linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,
Ov. M. 3, 261:
lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,
Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:
ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,
id. Const. 11, 3:
(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,
Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:
magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,
Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.
of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,
unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—
c.
From obligations and debts:
solvit me debito,
Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:
an nos debito solverit,
id. Ep. 81, 3:
ut religione civitas solvatur,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:
te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),
Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:
hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,
Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:
sacramento solvi,
Tac. A. 16, 13:
cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,
Dig. 49, 16, 13:
militia solvere,
Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:
ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,
Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:
ut manere solveretur,
that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—
d.
From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):
si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,
be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:
atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,
id. ib. 4, 9:
sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,
Ov. F. 6, 452:
ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,
id. ib. 2, 40:
Helenen ego crimine solvo,
id. A. A. 2, 371:
quid crimine solvis Germanum?
Stat. Th. 11, 379:
solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —
e.
From feelings, etc.:
quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:
cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:
senatus cura belli solutus,
Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:
pectus linquunt cura solutum,
Lucr. 2, 45:
his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:
soluti metu,
Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:
solvent formidine terras,
Verg. E. 4, 14:
solve metu patriam,
Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:
metu belli Scythas solvit,
Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:
haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:
soluti a cupiditatibus,
Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:
his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,
id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:
longo luctu,
Verg. A. 2, 26:
tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),
Sen. Hippol. 450:
solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,
id. Herc. Fur. 1063:
Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?
Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:
solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),
the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:
rabie tigrim,
Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:
ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),
Sen. Ep. 95, 38:
calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?
i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:
solvite animos,
Manil. 4, 12.—With in:
vix haec in munera solvo animum,
i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—
f.
From sleep, very rare:
ego somno solutus sum,
awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—
g.
From labor, business, etc.:
volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,
Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:
solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,
Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:
Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,
to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—
h.
From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
frontem solvere disce,
Mart. 14, 183:
saltem ora trucesque solve genas,
Stat. Th. 11, 373:
solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:
solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,
be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:
vultum risu solvit,
relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:
risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,
Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,
solvere judicem,
unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:
solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),
Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:
ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:
cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?
Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:
solventur risu tabulae,
i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:
quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—
k.
From any cause of restraint.
(α).
To release from siege:
Bassanitas obsidione solvere,
Liv. 44, 30:
patriam obsidione solvere,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —
(β).
From moral restraints:
hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,
gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—
l.
From laws and rules: legibus solvere.
(α).
To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:
Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,
Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:
cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 13, 31:
ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,
id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:
Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),
id. Att. 1, 16, 13:
solvatne legibus Scipionem,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:
petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,
Liv. 31, 50, 8:
Scipio legibus solutus est,
id. Epit. 56:
Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,
Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:
ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,
Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:
(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:
solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,
id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:
nec leti lege solutas,
Lucr. 3, 687:
nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),
Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:
et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—
(β).
Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:
reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,
i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:
soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,
id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:
solutus Legibus insanis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:
quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,
Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—
2.
To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.
(α).
Of troops, ranks, etc.:
ubi ordines procursando solvissent,
Liv. 42, 65, 8:
incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,
Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:
agmina Diductis solvere choris,
Verg. A. 5, 581:
solvit maniplos,
Juv. 8, 154:
solvuntur laudata cohors,
Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:
commissas acies ego possum solvere,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—
(β).
Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:
convivio soluto,
Liv. 40, 14 fin.:
convivium solvit,
Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:
Quid cessas convivia solvere?
Ov. F. 6, 675:
coetuque soluto Discedunt,
id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—
(γ).
Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:
(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,
Quint. 1, 9, 2:
quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,
id. 9, 4, 14:
ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,
id. 1, 8, 13:
non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—
3.
Implying a change for the worse.
a.
To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):
Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,
Sen. Ep. 51, 5:
usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:
infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,
Quint. 1, 2, 6:
solutus luxu,
id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:
soluti in luxum,
Tac. H. 2, 99:
in lasciviam,
id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:
si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,
Quint. 9, 4, 49.—
b.
To make torpid by removing sensation.
(α).
To relax, benumb the limbs or body;
as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,
Lucr. 6, 798:
ima Solvuntur latera,
Verg. G. 3, 523:
solvi debilitate corporis,
paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:
ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,
Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:
illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:
segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,
wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:
mentes solvere,
to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—
(β).
By frost ( poet.):
solvuntur illi frigore membra,
Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—
(γ).
By sleep ( poet. for sopio):
homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,
Ov. M. 7, 186:
corpora somnus Solverat,
id. ib. 10, 369:
molli languore solutus,
id. ib. 11, 648;
11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,
id. ib. 8, 817:
somno vinoque solutos,
id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:
ut membra solvit sopor,
id. ib. 12, 867:
non solvit pectora somnus,
Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:
solvitur in somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:
aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,
lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—
(δ).
By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:
corporibus quae senectus solvit,
Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):
(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:
alius inter cenandum solutus est,
id. Ep. 66, 43:
ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:
me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,
Sen. Troad. 605:
solvi inedia,
Petr. 111:
sic morte quasi somno soluta est,
Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,
4.
Of logical dissolution, to refute:
non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,
how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:
argumentum solvere,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:
solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,
Sen. Const. 12, 3.—
b.
To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:
deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,
Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.
II.
To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.
A.
In a corporeal sense.
1.
In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;
post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,
Quint. 2, 12, 1:
qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,
Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:
supera compage soluta,
Stat. Th. 8, 31.—
2.
To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:
nullo solvente catenas,
Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:
solvere frenum,
Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:
loris solutis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:
qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,
Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:
gelu solvitur,
it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:
solvitur acris hiems,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:
facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:
Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,
looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:
indigno non solvit bracchia collo,
Stat. Th. 5, 217:
digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,
id. ib. 8, 585.—
3.
To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:
solve vidulum ergo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:
eam solve cistulam,
id. Am. 2, 2, 151:
solve zonam,
untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:
solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,
Stat. Th. 5, 62:
animai nodos a corpore solvit,
Lucr. 2, 950:
nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,
Curt. 3, 1, 18:
quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?
Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:
solvere nodum,
Stat. Th. 11, 646:
laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,
Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:
vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,
Ov. M. 9, 58:
fasciam solve,
Sen. Ep. 80, 10:
solutis fasciis,
Curt. 7, 6, 5:
solvi fasciculum,
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:
crinales vittas,
Verg. A. 7, 403:
Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,
Curt. 7, 2, 25:
equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,
Sen. Ep. 80, 9:
redimicula solvite collo,
Ov. F. 4, 135:
corollas de fronte,
Prop. 1, 3, 21:
solvere portas,
Stat. Th. 3, 492:
munimina valli,
id. ib. 12, 10:
ille pharetram Solvit,
Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:
solutis ac patefactis venis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:
venam cultello solvere,
Col. 6, 14; cf.
also: lychnis alvum solvit,
looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:
ventrem,
Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:
stomachus solutus = venter solutus,
loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—
B.
Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.
1.
Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).
a.
Of the mouth, etc., to open:
talibus ora solvit verbis,
Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:
ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,
Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:
vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,
os promptius ac solutius,
Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:
hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—
b.
To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:
si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,
Gai. Inst. 3, 160:
cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,
id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:
morte solvetur compromissum,
Dig. 4, 8, 27:
soluto matrimonio,
ib. 24, 3, 2:
solutum conjugium,
Juv. 9, 79:
qui... conjugalia solvit,
Sen. Med. 144:
nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,
Ov. M. 11, 743:
(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,
cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—
c.
To efface guilt or wrong:
magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,
Ov. F. 5, 304:
solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,
id. ib. 2, 44:
culpa soluta mea est,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:
neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—
d.
Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;
less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,
Cic. Mil. 31, 85:
capite poenas solvit,
Sall. J. 69, 4:
meritas poenas solventem,
Curt. 6, 3, 14:
poenarum solvendi tempus,
Lucr. 5, 1224:
nunc solvo poenas,
Sen. Phoen. 172:
hac manu poenas tibi solvam,
id. Hippol. 1177.—
e.
To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:
atque animi curas e pectore solvat,
Lucr. 4, 908:
curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,
Hor. Epod. 9, 38:
patrimonii cura solvatur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §
2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:
solvite corde metum,
Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:
solve metus animo,
Stat. Th. 2, 356:
solvi pericula et metus narrant,
Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:
hoc uno solvitur ira modo,
id. A. A. 2, 460:
solvitque pudorem,
Verg. A. 4, 55.—
f.
Of sleep:
quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,
Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:
nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,
Luc. 6, 768; cf.:
lassitudinem solvere,
Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —
g.
Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.
(α).
To raise a siege:
solutam cernebat obsidionem,
Liv. 36, 10, 14:
soluta obsidione,
id. 36, 31, 7:
ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,
id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—
(β).
Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:
cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,
Liv. 36, 7, 13.—
(γ).
To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:
quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,
Sall. J. 39, 5:
imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,
Sen. Oedip. 525:
sonipedes imperia solvunt,
id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:
sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 58.—
h.
Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:
solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),
Curt. 10, 2, 5:
solutae a se legis monitus,
Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:
cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,
Liv. 8, 4, 7:
(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,
id. 1, 49, 7:
oportebat istum morem solvi,
Curt. 8, 8, 18.—
2.
Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).
a.
To subvert discipline:
disciplinam militarem solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7, 16:
luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,
id. 40, 1, 4:
quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,
Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—
b.
Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:
nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,
Sall. J. 41, 6:
patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:
vires solvere,
Quint. 9, 4, 7:
vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,
Quint. 11, 3, 133.—
c.
Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:
segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;
similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:
hoc firmos solvit amores,
Ov. A. A. 2, 385:
amores cantibus et herbis solvere,
Tib. 1, 2, 60.—
d.
Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:
vitex dicitur febres solvere,
Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:
solvit jejunia granis,
Ov. F. 4, 607:
quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,
id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,
famem,
Sen. Thyest. 64.—
e.
To delay:
hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,
Sen. Troad. 1131.—
f.
Of darkness, to dispel:
lux solverat umbras,
Stat. Th. 10, 390.—
g.
Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:
aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,
Sen. Phoen. 406:
electus formae certamina solvere pastor,
Stat. Achill. 2, 337:
jurgia solvere,
Manil. 3, 115:
contradictiones solvere,
Quint. 7, 1, 38.—
h.
Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:
quia quaestionem solvere non posset,
Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:
aenigmata,
Quint. 8, 6, 53:
omnes solvere posse quaestiones,
Suet. Gram. 11:
haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,
Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:
unum tantum hoc solvendum est,
that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:
puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,
id. Ep. 48, 6:
carmina non intellecta Solverat,
Ov. M. 7, 760:
triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,
Sen. Oedip. 102:
nodos juris,
Juv. 8, 50:
proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,
Quint. 5, 10, 96:
plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,
id. 1, 10, 49:
quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,
id. 3, 7, 3:
ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,
id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—
3.
In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.
a.
To pay.
(α).
Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:
quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,
Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:
inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),
Liv. 6, 14, 5:
quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,
id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:
pro vectura rem solvit?
paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:
ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:
tibi res soluta est recte,
id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:
ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 20:
rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,
id. ib. 5, 3, 45:
dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:
res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,
id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);
semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,
they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:
si tergo res solvonda'st,
by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:
habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,
id. Curc. 3, 9:
tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,
(β).
Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:
cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,
Cic. Fl. 18, 43:
ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,
id. ib. 20, 46:
misimus qui pro vectura solveret,
id. Att. 1, 3, 2:
qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,
Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:
ut creditori solvat,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:
si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,
it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:
numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,
to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:
fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,
id. ib. 2, 24, 84:
cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,
Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:
non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,
Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—
(γ).
With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:
postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:
hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,
settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:
solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,
id. Fl. 23, 54:
ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,
id. Att. 16, 2, 1:
solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:
aes alienum solvere,
Sen. Ep. 36, 5:
quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?
id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,
debitum solvere,
id. ib. 6, 30, 2:
ne pecunias creditas solverent,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:
ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:
ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,
Liv. 6, 15, 5:
ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:
cum patriae quod debes solveris,
Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:
debet vero, solvitque praeclare,
id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:
aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,
Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:
qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,
id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —
(δ).
By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:
emi: pecuniam solvi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:
pro frumento nihil solvit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §
169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,
Liv. 44, 16:
hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,
Nep. Milt. 7, 6:
nisi pecuniam solvisset,
id. Cim. 1, 1:
condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,
Liv. 30, 37 med.:
pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,
id. 36, 3, 1:
pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,
id. 32, 26, 14:
pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,
id. 40, 39 fin.:
meritam mercedem,
id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:
quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:
stipendium,
Liv. 28, 32, 1:
dotem mulieri,
Dig. 24, 3, 2:
litem aestimatam,
the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:
arbitria funeris,
the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:
solvere dodrantem,
to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:
dona puer solvit,
paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,
munera,
id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:
et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:
si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,
Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:
si (actor) solutus fuisset,
Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —
(ε).
Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:
aliquid praesens solvere,
to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,
aliquid de praesentibus solvere,
Sen. Ep. 97, 16:
solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,
Vell. 2, 25:
quas solvere grates sufficiam?
Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;
nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,
Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:
unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,
id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):
Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,
Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:
homines dicere, se a me solvere,
id. ib. 5, 21, 11:
(summa) erat solvenda de meo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:
operas solvere alicui,
to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:
stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,
Gai. Inst. 4, 90:
iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,
Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;
2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,
a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.
in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,
Liv. 31, 13:
nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,
Dig. 50, 17, 105:
qui modo solvendo sint,
Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:
si solvendo sint,
Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:
nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:
solvendo non erat,
Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:
cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:
tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:
ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,
id. Off. 2, 22, 79;
and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,
Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:
*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),
Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —
b.
To fulfil the duty of burial.
(α).
Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:
qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,
who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:
justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,
Curt. 3, 12, 15:
proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,
id. 10, 6, 7:
ut justa soluta Remo,
Ov. F. 5, 452:
nunc justa nato solve,
Sen. Hippol. 1245.—
(β).
Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:
exsequiis rite solutis,
Verg. A. 7, 5:
cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,
Sen. Hippol. 1198:
solvere suprema militibus,
Tac. A. 1, 61.—
c.
Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.
(α).
Alone:
vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:
quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,
Liv. 31, 9 fin.:
liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,
id. 40, 44, 8:
placatis diis votis rite solvendis,
id. 36, 37 fin.:
petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,
id. 45, 44:
animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,
Sen. Ep. 73, 5:
vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,
Tac. A. 2, 69:
vota pater solvit,
Ov. M. 9, 707:
ne votum solvat,
Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:
voti debita solvere,
Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.
the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),
Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:
V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),
ib. 2022 et saep.:
sacra solvere (=votum solvere),
Manil. 1, 427.—
(β).
With dat.:
ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:
vota Jovi solvo,
Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:
sunt vota soluta deae,
id. F. 6, 248:
dis vota solvis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:
libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),
Just. 18, 5, 4.—
d.
Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:
fidem obligatam liberare,
Suet. Claud. 9):
illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,
Flor. 1, 1, 12;
similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),
Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—
e.
Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):
perinde quasi promissum solvens,
Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:
solvitur quod cuique promissum est,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;
similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,
what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.
A.
Lit.
1.
(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:
tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:
reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:
cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?
Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:
nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,
unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:
duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,
Liv. 27, 51:
eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,
id. 24, 45, 10:
non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—
2.
(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;
postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 21;
ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,
Col. 2, 9:
soluta et facilis terra,
id. 3, 14;
solum solutum vel spissum,
id. 2, 2 init.;
seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,
Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:
hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,
id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:
solutiores ripae,
Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:
mas spissior, femina solutior,
Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:
dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,
Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—
3.
(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:
turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:
aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:
debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—
B.
Trop.
1.
(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:
(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,
Cic. Or. 47, 173:
verbis solutus satis,
id. ib. 47, 174:
solutissimus in dicendo,
id. ib. 48, 180.—
2.
Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:
quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?
Cic. Planc. 30, 72:
soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,
unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:
si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,
Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;
non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,
id. ib. 4, 21, 3;
solutus omni fenore,
Hor. Epod. 2, 4;
nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,
Liv. 8, 32, 5:
Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—
3.
Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:
quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:
apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:
omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,
i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:
maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—
4.
Free from cares, undistracted:
animo soluto liberoque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:
sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—
5.
At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:
te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:
quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:
Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—
6.
Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:
quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,
Cic. Dom. 39, 104:
an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?
Sen. Ep. 23, 4:
vultus,
Stat. Th. 5, 355:
(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,
unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—
7.
Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:
cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,
Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:
ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,
Liv. 29, 1 fin.:
Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:
incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,
Tac. A. 2, 4:
quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,
Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:
rectore solutos (solis) equos,
Stat. Th. 1, 219.—
8.
Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:
nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;
cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,
id. Div. 1, 2, 4:
judicio senatus soluto et libero,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:
sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:
libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:
si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:
liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,
uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—
9.
Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:
amores soluti et liberi,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:
licentia,
id. ib. 4, 4, 4:
populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,
id. ib. 1, 34, 53:
quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,
id. Mil. 13, 34:
quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,
Liv. 27, 31 fin.:
adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,
id. 2, 1, 2:
solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,
a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:
spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,
Suet. Aug. 44:
mores soluti,
licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—
10.
Regardless of rules, careless, loose:
orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:
dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,
Tac. A. 16, 18.—
11.
Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.
(α).
Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:
est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,
Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—
(β).
More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);
in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,
Cic. Or. 52, 174:
mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,
id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;
68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,
Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;
de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,
id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:
ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,
id. ib. 7, 1:
primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,
Cic. Brut. 8, 32:
Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,
id. Or. 57, 192:
et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,
id. ib. 64, 215:
a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,
id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—
(γ).
Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:
ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:
nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,
id. Brut. 79, 274:
orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—
(δ).
Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:
soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,
Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:
solutiora componere,
id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—
12.
Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):
sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,
Quint. 11, 3, 146.—
13.
Undisciplined, disorderly:
omnia soluta apud hostes esse,
Liv. 8, 30, 3:
nihil temeritate solutum,
Tac. A. 13, 40:
apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,
Just. 34, 2, 2.—
14.
Lax, remiss, weak:
mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:
Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,
Tac. Or. 18:
soluti ac fluentes,
Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:
solutum genus orationis,
a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:
quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,
laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—
C.
(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:
aliquid in solutum dare,
to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:
qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:
qui rem in solutum accipit,
Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;
in solutum imputare,
to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:
pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,
Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:
pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,
Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.
1.
Thinly:
corpora diffusa solute,
Lucr. 4, 53.—
2.
Of speech, fluently:
non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,
Cic. Brut. 29, 110:
ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,
id. ib. 81, 280:
quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—
3.
Irregularly, loosely:
a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—
4.
Freely, without restraint:
generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,
i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—
5.
Of style, without connection, loosely:
enuntiare,
Quint. 11, 2, 47.—
6.
Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:
praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),
Liv. 39, 1, 4:
in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,
id. 23, 37, 6.—
7.
Weakly, tamely, without vigor:
quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,
Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—
8.
Of morals, loosely, without restraint:
ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,
Tac. A. 13, 47.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > solutum
2 solvo

solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:
soluisse,
Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.
I.
To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.
A.
In a corporeal sense.
1.
Outwardly, to release.
a.
From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:
solvite istas,
i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:
solvite istum,
id. Mil. 5, 32:
numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:
jube solvi (eum),
Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:
ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:
ut vincti solvantur,
id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §
12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:
ita nexi soluti (sunt),
Liv. 8, 28, 9:
solvite me, pueri,
Verg. E. 6, 24:
fore ut brevi solveretur,
Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:
canis solutus catena,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:
solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),
Stat. Th. 5, 15:
terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—
b.
From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:
solverat sol equos,
unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:
et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:
et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,
id. H. 11, 4:
praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:
soluta toga,
Quint. 11, 3, 147:
vela solvere,
Verg. A. 4, 574.—
c.
From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:
Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,
Prop. 2, 1, 69:
fraxinus solvitur,
from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:
ceciditque soluta pinus,
id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:
pinus radice soluta, deficit,
id. S. 5, 1, 152:
solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:
accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,
detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;
but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,
Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:
querno solvunt de stipite funem,
id. F. 4, 333:
fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,
id. Am. 2, 11, 23:
curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),
Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:
imber caelesti nube solutus,
Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:
cum solis radii absumant,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:
solutum a latere pugionem,
detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—
d.
Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.
(α).
With acc. alone:
eisce confectis navem solvimus,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:
navim cupimus solvere,
id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:
naves solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;
3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,
Liv. 45, 6:
postero die solvere naves (jussi),
id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:
classem solvere,
Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—
(β).
With ab and abl.:
navis a terra solverunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:
quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,
Liv. 31, 7 med.:
solvunt a litore puppes,
Luc. 2, 649.—
(γ).
With ex and abl.:
nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:
interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—
(δ).
With abl.:
complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:
portu solventibus,
id. Mur. 2, 4.—
(ε).
Absol. (sc. navem or naves):
tertia fere vigilia solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23:
nos eo die cenati solvimus,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:
altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,
Liv. 31, 14 init.:
qui inde solverant,
Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:
solvi mare languido,
Sen. Ep. 53, 1:
fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,
id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:
non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,
making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—
(ζ).
With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):
naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—
(η).
Poet. usages:
de litore puppis solvit iter,
clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:
nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,
Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—
e.
Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,
Lucr. 6, 706:
cruor solvitur,
Stat. Th. 9, 530:
lacrimas solvere,
id. Achill. 2, 256:
solutis lacrimis,
Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,
partus solvere,
to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—
2.
To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.
a.
In gen.:
omne colligatum solvi potest,
Cic. Fin. 11.—
b.
Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
solvere naves et rursus conjungere,
Curt. 8, 10, 3:
solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:
dubitavit an solveret pontem,
Curt. 4, 16, 8:
solvere pontem,
Tac. A. 1, 69:
si pons solutus sit,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:
solutus pons tempestatibus,
Just. 2, 13, 9:
currum (solis) solutum,
Manil. 1, 740.—
c.
Of woven stuff:
solvens texta,
Prop. 2, 9, 6.—
d.
Of mountains:
utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),
Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:
tridente Neptunus montem solvit,
id. Agam. 553.—
e.
Of the neck:
soluta cervix silicis impulsu,
broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—
f.
Of a comet:
momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—
g.
Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:
solve capillos,
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:
crinem,
id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:
comas casside,
Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—
h.
Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;
post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:
ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,
Stat. Th. 7, 745. —
3.
To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.
(α).
Of a change into air or gas:
calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,
dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:
nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,
id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:
ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,
Stat. Th. 5, 285;
nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,
Ov. M. 15, 845.—
(β).
Into a liquid, to melt:
saepe terra in tabem solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:
terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,
id. ib. 3, 29, 4:
nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,
Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:
ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,
nivem solvere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:
rigor auri solvitur aestu,
Lucr. 1, 493:
ferrum calidi solvant camini,
Manil. 4, 250:
cerae igne solutae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 47:
Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,
Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:
(herba) quinto die solvitur,
id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—
(γ).
Of putrefaction:
(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,
Verg. G. 4, 302.—
(δ).
Of change in general:
inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,
Ov. F. 1, 108:
repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),
Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—
(ε).
Of expansion by heat:
(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—
(ζ).
Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:
gravitas aeris solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—
(η).
Solvi in, to pass into, become:
in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,
Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:
donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,
disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:
postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),
Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—
4.
To consume, to destroy, dissolve:
solvere orbes,
Manil. 1, 497:
ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),
Lucr. 3, 287:
(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,
Liv. 39, 40, 11:
si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:
(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 4:
tabes solvit corpora,
Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:
nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),
id. 3, 506:
ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,
Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:
solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,
Sen. Ep. 22, 3:
hanc mihi solvite vitam,
Prop. 2, 9, 39.—
B.
Trop.
1.
To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.
a.
From the body, etc.:
teque isto corpore solvo,
Verg. A. 4, 703:
soluta corpore anima,
Quint. 5, 14, 13:
qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,
Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:
vocem solvere,
to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:
suspiria solvit,
Stat. Th. 11, 604:
solvat turba jocos,
Sen. Med. 114:
solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),
Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:
Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,
unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—
b.
Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:
linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,
Ov. M. 3, 261:
lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,
Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:
ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,
id. Const. 11, 3:
(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,
Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:
magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,
Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.
of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,
unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—
c.
From obligations and debts:
solvit me debito,
Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:
an nos debito solverit,
id. Ep. 81, 3:
ut religione civitas solvatur,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:
te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),
Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:
hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,
Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:
sacramento solvi,
Tac. A. 16, 13:
cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,
Dig. 49, 16, 13:
militia solvere,
Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:
ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,
Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:
ut manere solveretur,
that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—
d.
From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):
si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,
be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:
atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,
id. ib. 4, 9:
sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,
Ov. F. 6, 452:
ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,
id. ib. 2, 40:
Helenen ego crimine solvo,
id. A. A. 2, 371:
quid crimine solvis Germanum?
Stat. Th. 11, 379:
solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —
e.
From feelings, etc.:
quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:
cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:
senatus cura belli solutus,
Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:
pectus linquunt cura solutum,
Lucr. 2, 45:
his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:
soluti metu,
Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:
solvent formidine terras,
Verg. E. 4, 14:
solve metu patriam,
Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:
metu belli Scythas solvit,
Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:
haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:
soluti a cupiditatibus,
Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:
his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,
id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:
longo luctu,
Verg. A. 2, 26:
tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),
Sen. Hippol. 450:
solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,
id. Herc. Fur. 1063:
Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?
Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:
solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),
the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:
rabie tigrim,
Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:
ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),
Sen. Ep. 95, 38:
calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?
i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:
solvite animos,
Manil. 4, 12.—With in:
vix haec in munera solvo animum,
i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—
f.
From sleep, very rare:
ego somno solutus sum,
awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—
g.
From labor, business, etc.:
volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,
Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:
solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,
Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:
Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,
to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—
h.
From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
frontem solvere disce,
Mart. 14, 183:
saltem ora trucesque solve genas,
Stat. Th. 11, 373:
solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:
solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,
be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:
vultum risu solvit,
relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:
risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,
Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,
solvere judicem,
unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:
solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),
Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:
ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:
cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?
Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:
solventur risu tabulae,
i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:
quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—
k.
From any cause of restraint.
(α).
To release from siege:
Bassanitas obsidione solvere,
Liv. 44, 30:
patriam obsidione solvere,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —
(β).
From moral restraints:
hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,
gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—
l.
From laws and rules: legibus solvere.
(α).
To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:
Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,
Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:
cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 13, 31:
ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,
id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:
Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),
id. Att. 1, 16, 13:
solvatne legibus Scipionem,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:
petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,
Liv. 31, 50, 8:
Scipio legibus solutus est,
id. Epit. 56:
Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,
Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:
ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,
Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:
(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:
solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,
id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:
nec leti lege solutas,
Lucr. 3, 687:
nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),
Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:
et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—
(β).
Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:
reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,
i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:
soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,
id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:
solutus Legibus insanis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:
quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,
Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—
2.
To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.
(α).
Of troops, ranks, etc.:
ubi ordines procursando solvissent,
Liv. 42, 65, 8:
incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,
Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:
agmina Diductis solvere choris,
Verg. A. 5, 581:
solvit maniplos,
Juv. 8, 154:
solvuntur laudata cohors,
Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:
commissas acies ego possum solvere,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—
(β).
Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:
convivio soluto,
Liv. 40, 14 fin.:
convivium solvit,
Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:
Quid cessas convivia solvere?
Ov. F. 6, 675:
coetuque soluto Discedunt,
id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—
(γ).
Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:
(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,
Quint. 1, 9, 2:
quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,
id. 9, 4, 14:
ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,
id. 1, 8, 13:
non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—
3.
Implying a change for the worse.
a.
To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):
Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,
Sen. Ep. 51, 5:
usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:
infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,
Quint. 1, 2, 6:
solutus luxu,
id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:
soluti in luxum,
Tac. H. 2, 99:
in lasciviam,
id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:
si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,
Quint. 9, 4, 49.—
b.
To make torpid by removing sensation.
(α).
To relax, benumb the limbs or body;
as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,
Lucr. 6, 798:
ima Solvuntur latera,
Verg. G. 3, 523:
solvi debilitate corporis,
paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:
ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,
Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:
illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:
segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,
wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:
mentes solvere,
to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—
(β).
By frost ( poet.):
solvuntur illi frigore membra,
Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—
(γ).
By sleep ( poet. for sopio):
homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,
Ov. M. 7, 186:
corpora somnus Solverat,
id. ib. 10, 369:
molli languore solutus,
id. ib. 11, 648;
11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,
id. ib. 8, 817:
somno vinoque solutos,
id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:
ut membra solvit sopor,
id. ib. 12, 867:
non solvit pectora somnus,
Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:
solvitur in somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:
aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,
lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—
(δ).
By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:
corporibus quae senectus solvit,
Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):
(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:
alius inter cenandum solutus est,
id. Ep. 66, 43:
ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:
me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,
Sen. Troad. 605:
solvi inedia,
Petr. 111:
sic morte quasi somno soluta est,
Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,
4.
Of logical dissolution, to refute:
non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,
how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:
argumentum solvere,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:
solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,
Sen. Const. 12, 3.—
b.
To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:
deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,
Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.
II.
To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.
A.
In a corporeal sense.
1.
In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;
post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,
Quint. 2, 12, 1:
qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,
Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:
supera compage soluta,
Stat. Th. 8, 31.—
2.
To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:
nullo solvente catenas,
Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:
solvere frenum,
Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:
loris solutis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:
qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,
Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:
gelu solvitur,
it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:
solvitur acris hiems,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:
facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:
Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,
looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:
indigno non solvit bracchia collo,
Stat. Th. 5, 217:
digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,
id. ib. 8, 585.—
3.
To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:
solve vidulum ergo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:
eam solve cistulam,
id. Am. 2, 2, 151:
solve zonam,
untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:
solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,
Stat. Th. 5, 62:
animai nodos a corpore solvit,
Lucr. 2, 950:
nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,
Curt. 3, 1, 18:
quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?
Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:
solvere nodum,
Stat. Th. 11, 646:
laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,
Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:
vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,
Ov. M. 9, 58:
fasciam solve,
Sen. Ep. 80, 10:
solutis fasciis,
Curt. 7, 6, 5:
solvi fasciculum,
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:
crinales vittas,
Verg. A. 7, 403:
Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,
Curt. 7, 2, 25:
equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,
Sen. Ep. 80, 9:
redimicula solvite collo,
Ov. F. 4, 135:
corollas de fronte,
Prop. 1, 3, 21:
solvere portas,
Stat. Th. 3, 492:
munimina valli,
id. ib. 12, 10:
ille pharetram Solvit,
Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:
solutis ac patefactis venis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:
venam cultello solvere,
Col. 6, 14; cf.
also: lychnis alvum solvit,
looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:
ventrem,
Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:
stomachus solutus = venter solutus,
loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—
B.
Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.
1.
Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).
a.
Of the mouth, etc., to open:
talibus ora solvit verbis,
Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:
ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,
Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:
vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,
os promptius ac solutius,
Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:
hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—
b.
To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:
si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,
Gai. Inst. 3, 160:
cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,
id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:
morte solvetur compromissum,
Dig. 4, 8, 27:
soluto matrimonio,
ib. 24, 3, 2:
solutum conjugium,
Juv. 9, 79:
qui... conjugalia solvit,
Sen. Med. 144:
nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,
Ov. M. 11, 743:
(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,
cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—
c.
To efface guilt or wrong:
magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,
Ov. F. 5, 304:
solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,
id. ib. 2, 44:
culpa soluta mea est,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:
neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—
d.
Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;
less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,
Cic. Mil. 31, 85:
capite poenas solvit,
Sall. J. 69, 4:
meritas poenas solventem,
Curt. 6, 3, 14:
poenarum solvendi tempus,
Lucr. 5, 1224:
nunc solvo poenas,
Sen. Phoen. 172:
hac manu poenas tibi solvam,
id. Hippol. 1177.—
e.
To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:
atque animi curas e pectore solvat,
Lucr. 4, 908:
curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,
Hor. Epod. 9, 38:
patrimonii cura solvatur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §
2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:
solvite corde metum,
Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:
solve metus animo,
Stat. Th. 2, 356:
solvi pericula et metus narrant,
Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:
hoc uno solvitur ira modo,
id. A. A. 2, 460:
solvitque pudorem,
Verg. A. 4, 55.—
f.
Of sleep:
quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,
Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:
nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,
Luc. 6, 768; cf.:
lassitudinem solvere,
Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —
g.
Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.
(α).
To raise a siege:
solutam cernebat obsidionem,
Liv. 36, 10, 14:
soluta obsidione,
id. 36, 31, 7:
ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,
id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—
(β).
Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:
cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,
Liv. 36, 7, 13.—
(γ).
To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:
quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,
Sall. J. 39, 5:
imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,
Sen. Oedip. 525:
sonipedes imperia solvunt,
id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:
sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 58.—
h.
Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:
solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),
Curt. 10, 2, 5:
solutae a se legis monitus,
Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:
cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,
Liv. 8, 4, 7:
(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,
id. 1, 49, 7:
oportebat istum morem solvi,
Curt. 8, 8, 18.—
2.
Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).
a.
To subvert discipline:
disciplinam militarem solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7, 16:
luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,
id. 40, 1, 4:
quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,
Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—
b.
Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:
nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,
Sall. J. 41, 6:
patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:
vires solvere,
Quint. 9, 4, 7:
vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,
Quint. 11, 3, 133.—
c.
Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:
segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;
similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:
hoc firmos solvit amores,
Ov. A. A. 2, 385:
amores cantibus et herbis solvere,
Tib. 1, 2, 60.—
d.
Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:
vitex dicitur febres solvere,
Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:
solvit jejunia granis,
Ov. F. 4, 607:
quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,
id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,
famem,
Sen. Thyest. 64.—
e.
To delay:
hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,
Sen. Troad. 1131.—
f.
Of darkness, to dispel:
lux solverat umbras,
Stat. Th. 10, 390.—
g.
Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:
aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,
Sen. Phoen. 406:
electus formae certamina solvere pastor,
Stat. Achill. 2, 337:
jurgia solvere,
Manil. 3, 115:
contradictiones solvere,
Quint. 7, 1, 38.—
h.
Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:
quia quaestionem solvere non posset,
Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:
aenigmata,
Quint. 8, 6, 53:
omnes solvere posse quaestiones,
Suet. Gram. 11:
haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,
Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:
unum tantum hoc solvendum est,
that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:
puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,
id. Ep. 48, 6:
carmina non intellecta Solverat,
Ov. M. 7, 760:
triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,
Sen. Oedip. 102:
nodos juris,
Juv. 8, 50:
proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,
Quint. 5, 10, 96:
plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,
id. 1, 10, 49:
quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,
id. 3, 7, 3:
ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,
id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—
3.
In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.
a.
To pay.
(α).
Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:
quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,
Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:
inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),
Liv. 6, 14, 5:
quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,
id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:
pro vectura rem solvit?
paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:
ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:
tibi res soluta est recte,
id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:
ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 20:
rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,
id. ib. 5, 3, 45:
dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:
res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,
id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);
semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,
they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:
si tergo res solvonda'st,
by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:
habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,
id. Curc. 3, 9:
tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,
(β).
Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:
cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,
Cic. Fl. 18, 43:
ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,
id. ib. 20, 46:
misimus qui pro vectura solveret,
id. Att. 1, 3, 2:
qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,
Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:
ut creditori solvat,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:
si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,
it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:
numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,
to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:
fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,
id. ib. 2, 24, 84:
cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,
Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:
non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,
Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—
(γ).
With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:
postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:
hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,
settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:
solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,
id. Fl. 23, 54:
ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,
id. Att. 16, 2, 1:
solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:
aes alienum solvere,
Sen. Ep. 36, 5:
quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?
id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,
debitum solvere,
id. ib. 6, 30, 2:
ne pecunias creditas solverent,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:
ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:
ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,
Liv. 6, 15, 5:
ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:
cum patriae quod debes solveris,
Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:
debet vero, solvitque praeclare,
id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:
aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,
Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:
qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,
id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —
(δ).
By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:
emi: pecuniam solvi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:
pro frumento nihil solvit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §
169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,
Liv. 44, 16:
hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,
Nep. Milt. 7, 6:
nisi pecuniam solvisset,
id. Cim. 1, 1:
condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,
Liv. 30, 37 med.:
pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,
id. 36, 3, 1:
pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,
id. 32, 26, 14:
pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,
id. 40, 39 fin.:
meritam mercedem,
id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:
quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:
stipendium,
Liv. 28, 32, 1:
dotem mulieri,
Dig. 24, 3, 2:
litem aestimatam,
the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:
arbitria funeris,
the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:
solvere dodrantem,
to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:
dona puer solvit,
paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,
munera,
id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:
et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:
si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,
Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:
si (actor) solutus fuisset,
Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —
(ε).
Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:
aliquid praesens solvere,
to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,
aliquid de praesentibus solvere,
Sen. Ep. 97, 16:
solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,
Vell. 2, 25:
quas solvere grates sufficiam?
Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;
nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,
Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:
unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,
id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):
Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,
Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:
homines dicere, se a me solvere,
id. ib. 5, 21, 11:
(summa) erat solvenda de meo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:
operas solvere alicui,
to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:
stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,
Gai. Inst. 4, 90:
iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,
Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;
2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,
a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.
in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,
Liv. 31, 13:
nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,
Dig. 50, 17, 105:
qui modo solvendo sint,
Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:
si solvendo sint,
Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:
nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:
solvendo non erat,
Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:
cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:
tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:
ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,
id. Off. 2, 22, 79;
and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,
Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:
*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),
Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —
b.
To fulfil the duty of burial.
(α).
Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:
qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,
who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:
justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,
Curt. 3, 12, 15:
proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,
id. 10, 6, 7:
ut justa soluta Remo,
Ov. F. 5, 452:
nunc justa nato solve,
Sen. Hippol. 1245.—
(β).
Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:
exsequiis rite solutis,
Verg. A. 7, 5:
cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,
Sen. Hippol. 1198:
solvere suprema militibus,
Tac. A. 1, 61.—
c.
Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.
(α).
Alone:
vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:
quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,
Liv. 31, 9 fin.:
liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,
id. 40, 44, 8:
placatis diis votis rite solvendis,
id. 36, 37 fin.:
petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,
id. 45, 44:
animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,
Sen. Ep. 73, 5:
vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,
Tac. A. 2, 69:
vota pater solvit,
Ov. M. 9, 707:
ne votum solvat,
Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:
voti debita solvere,
Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.
the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),
Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:
V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),
ib. 2022 et saep.:
sacra solvere (=votum solvere),
Manil. 1, 427.—
(β).
With dat.:
ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:
vota Jovi solvo,
Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:
sunt vota soluta deae,
id. F. 6, 248:
dis vota solvis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:
libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),
Just. 18, 5, 4.—
d.
Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:
fidem obligatam liberare,
Suet. Claud. 9):
illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,
Flor. 1, 1, 12;
similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),
Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—
e.
Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):
perinde quasi promissum solvens,
Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:
solvitur quod cuique promissum est,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;
similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,
what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.
A.
Lit.
1.
(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:
tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:
reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:
cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?
Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:
nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,
unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:
duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,
Liv. 27, 51:
eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,
id. 24, 45, 10:
non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—
2.
(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;
postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 21;
ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,
Col. 2, 9:
soluta et facilis terra,
id. 3, 14;
solum solutum vel spissum,
id. 2, 2 init.;
seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,
Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:
hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,
id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:
solutiores ripae,
Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:
mas spissior, femina solutior,
Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:
dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,
Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—
3.
(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:
turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:
aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:
debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—
B.
Trop.
1.
(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:
(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,
Cic. Or. 47, 173:
verbis solutus satis,
id. ib. 47, 174:
solutissimus in dicendo,
id. ib. 48, 180.—
2.
Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:
quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?
Cic. Planc. 30, 72:
soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,
unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:
si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,
Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;
non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,
id. ib. 4, 21, 3;
solutus omni fenore,
Hor. Epod. 2, 4;
nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,
Liv. 8, 32, 5:
Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—
3.
Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:
quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:
apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:
omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,
i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:
maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—
4.
Free from cares, undistracted:
animo soluto liberoque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:
sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—
5.
At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:
te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:
quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:
Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—
6.
Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:
quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,
Cic. Dom. 39, 104:
an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?
Sen. Ep. 23, 4:
vultus,
Stat. Th. 5, 355:
(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,
unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—
7.
Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:
cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,
Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:
ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,
Liv. 29, 1 fin.:
Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:
incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,
Tac. A. 2, 4:
quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,
Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:
rectore solutos (solis) equos,
Stat. Th. 1, 219.—
8.
Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:
nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;
cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,
id. Div. 1, 2, 4:
judicio senatus soluto et libero,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:
sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:
libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:
si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:
liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,
uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—
9.
Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:
amores soluti et liberi,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:
licentia,
id. ib. 4, 4, 4:
populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,
id. ib. 1, 34, 53:
quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,
id. Mil. 13, 34:
quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,
Liv. 27, 31 fin.:
adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,
id. 2, 1, 2:
solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,
a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:
spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,
Suet. Aug. 44:
mores soluti,
licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—
10.
Regardless of rules, careless, loose:
orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:
dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,
Tac. A. 16, 18.—
11.
Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.
(α).
Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:
est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,
Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—
(β).
More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);
in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,
Cic. Or. 52, 174:
mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,
id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;
68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,
Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;
de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,
id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:
ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,
id. ib. 7, 1:
primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,
Cic. Brut. 8, 32:
Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,
id. Or. 57, 192:
et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,
id. ib. 64, 215:
a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,
id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—
(γ).
Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:
ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:
nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,
id. Brut. 79, 274:
orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—
(δ).
Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:
soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,
Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:
solutiora componere,
id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—
12.
Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):
sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,
Quint. 11, 3, 146.—
13.
Undisciplined, disorderly:
omnia soluta apud hostes esse,
Liv. 8, 30, 3:
nihil temeritate solutum,
Tac. A. 13, 40:
apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,
Just. 34, 2, 2.—
14.
Lax, remiss, weak:
mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:
Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,
Tac. Or. 18:
soluti ac fluentes,
Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:
solutum genus orationis,
a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:
quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,
laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—
C.
(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:
aliquid in solutum dare,
to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:
qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:
qui rem in solutum accipit,
Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;
in solutum imputare,
to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:
pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,
Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:
pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,
Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.
1.
Thinly:
corpora diffusa solute,
Lucr. 4, 53.—
2.
Of speech, fluently:
non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,
Cic. Brut. 29, 110:
ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,
id. ib. 81, 280:
quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—
3.
Irregularly, loosely:
a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—
4.
Freely, without restraint:
generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,
i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—
5.
Of style, without connection, loosely:
enuntiare,
Quint. 11, 2, 47.—
6.
Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:
praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),
Liv. 39, 1, 4:
in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,
id. 23, 37, 6.—
7.
Weakly, tamely, without vigor:
quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,
Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—
8.
Of morals, loosely, without restraint:
ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,
Tac. A. 13, 47.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > solvo
3 solvō

solvō solvī (soluit, Ct.; soluisse, Tb.), solūtus, ere [2 se+luo], to loosen, unbind, unfasten, unfetter, untie, release: iube solvi (eum), T.: ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt: ita nexi soluti (sunt), L.: Solvite me, pueri, V.: quo modo solvantur (nodi), Cu.: solve capillos, untie, O.: crines, let down, O.: terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae, i. e. thawed, H.: Solve senescentem equum, i. e. from service, H.: talibus ora solvit verbis, freely opens, O.: Solvite vela, unfurl, V.— To detach, remove, part, disengage, free: ancorā solutā (i. e. a litore): classis retinacula solvi iussit, O.: teque isto corpore solvo, V.: partūs, to bring forth, O.—Of ships, to free from land, set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart: navīs solvit, Cs.: primis tenebris solverat navem, L.: cum foedere solvere navīs, O.: navīs a terrā solverunt, Cs.: ab Corintho solvere navīs, L.: tertia fere vigiliā solvit (sc. navem), Cs.: nos eo die cenati solvimus: a Brundusio solvit, L.: Alexandriā solvisse: portu solventes.— To untie, unfasten, unlock, unseal, open: ille pharetram Solvit, uncovered, O.: solutā epistulā, N.: solutis fasciis, Cu.— To take apart, disintegrate, disunite, dissolve, separate, break up, scatter, dismiss: ubi ordines procursando solvissent, L.: agmina Diductis solvēre choris, V.: solvit maniplos, Iu.: coetuque soluto Discedunt, O.: urbem solutam reliquerunt, disorganized: si solvas ‘Postquam discordia tetra’... Invenias, etc., H.— To relax, benumb, make torpid, weaken: ima Solvuntur latera, V.: pennā metuente solvi, i. e. unflagging, H.: illi solvuntur frigore membra, V.: corpora somnus Solverat, O.: somno vinoque solutos, O.: Solvitur in somnos, V.— To loosen, break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, scatter: omne conligatum solvi potest: solvere navīs et rursus coniungere, Cu.: membra ratis, O.— To dissolve, melt, turn, change: nives solvere, melt, O.: (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem, V.—Of fastenings, to loose, remove, cancel, untie, unlock: nullo solvente catenas, O.: Frenum solvit, Ph.: Solvitur acris hiemps, H.: a corpore bracchia, relaxes his hold, O.: crinalīs vittas, V.: vinculum epistulae, Cu.—Fig., to free, set free, release, loose, emancipate, relieve, exempt: linguam ad iurgia, O.: cupiditates suas, Cu.: Bassanitas obsidione, L.: ut religione civitas solvatur: Vopiscus, solvatur legibus, be exempted: petente Flacco ut legibus solveretur, L.: ut is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solvat, release the testamentary heirs: reus Postumus est eā lege... solutus ac liber, i. e. the law does not apply to: solutus Legibus insanis, H.: vos curis ceteris, T.: solvent formidine terras, V.: Vita solutorum miserā ambitione, H.: longo luctu, V.: calices quem non fecere Contractā in paupertate solutum? i. e. from cares, H.: ego somno solutus sum, awoke.— To acquit, absolve, cleanse, relieve: ut scelere solvamur, be held guiltless: hunc scelere solutum periculo liberavit: Sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei, O.— To relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe (poet.): solvatur fronte senectus (i. e. frons rugis solvatur), be cleared, H.: arctum hospitiis animum, H.—Of ties, obligations, or authority, to remove, cancel, destroy, efface, make void, annul, overthrow, subvert, violate, abolish: solutum coniugium, Iu.: nec coniugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus, O.: culpa soluta mea est, O.: quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia conruperat, S.: solvendarum legum principium (i. e. dissolvendarum), Cu.: disciplinam militarem, subvert, L.: pactique fide data munera solvit, i. e. took back, O.— To loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse, dissolve, destroy: plebis vis soluta atque dispersa, S.: senectus quae solvit omnia, L.: nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae, H.: hoc firmos solvit amores, O.— To end, remove, relieve, soothe: ieiunia granis, O.: Curam Dulci Lyaeo, H.: corde metum, V.: pudorem, V.: solutam cernebat obsidionem, the siege raised, L.: Solventur risu tabulae (see tabula), H.— To accomplish, fulfil, complete, keep (of funeral ceremonies, vows, and promises): omnia paterno funeri iusta, finish the burial rites: iustis defunctorum corporibus solutis, Cu.: exsequiis rite solutis, V.: vota, fulfil: Vota Iovi, O.: solvisti fidem, you have kept your promise, T.: Esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, i. e. your pledge (to be mine through life), O.— To solve, explain, remove: quā viā captiosa solvantur, i. e. are refuted: Carmina non intellecta, O.: nodos iuris, Iu.—Of debts, to fulfil, pay, discharge, pay off: hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas, settled: Castricio pecuniam iam diu debitam, a debt of long standing: ex quā (pensione) maior pars est ei soluta: rem creditori populo solvit, L.: ut creditae pecuniae solvantur, Cs.: debet vero, solvitque praeclare.—Of persons, to make payment, pay: cuius bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt: ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis: pro vecturā: tibi quod debet ab Egnatio, pay by a draft on Egnatius: numquam vehementius actum est quam ne solveretur, to stop payments: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno res p. esset, able to pay its debt, L.; hence the phrase, solvendo esse, to be solvent: solvendo non erat, was insolvent: cum solvendo civitates non essent: ne videatur non fuisse solvendo.—Of money or property, to pay, pay over, hand over (for pecuniā rem or debitum solvere): emi: pecuniam solvi: pro quo (frumento) pretium, L.: quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur: arbitria funeris, the expenses of the funeral: Dona puer solvit, paid the promised gifts, O.: HS CC praesentia, in cash: legatis pecuniam pro frumento, L.—Of a penalty, to accomplish, fulfil, suffer, undergo: iustae et debitae poenae solutae sunt: capite poenas, S.: meritas poenas solvens, Cu.
* * *

solvere, solvi, solutus V

loosen, release, unbind, untie, free; open; set sail; scatter; pay off/back

Latin-English dictionary > solvō
4 quies

1.
quĭes, ētis (abl. quie, Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 703 P.), f. [Sanscr. çi = jacēre; Gr. keimai, to lie; cf. Lat. cīvis], rest, quiet.
I.
Lit., rest, repose, cessation from labor, from cares, etc.:
locus quietis et tranquillitatis plenissimus,
Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 2:
senectutis,
id. Deiot. 13, 38:
quem non quies, non remissio delectarent,
id. Cael. 17, 39:
mors laborum ac miseriarum quies est,
a state of rest, id. Cat. 4, 4, 7:
ex diutino labore quieti se dare,
Caes. B. C. 2, 14:
quietem capere,
to take repose, id. B. G. 6, 27:
tribus horis exercitui ad quietem datis,
id. ib. 7, 41:
quietem pati,
Sall. J. 101, 11:
nulla metuentibus quies,
Just. 2, 13, 11.— In plur.:
uti somno et quietibus ceteris,
recreations, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 103. —
B.
In partic.
1.
A quiet life, a keeping still, neutrality between political parties:
Attici quies tantopere Caesari fuit grata, ut,
Nep. Att. 7, 3; Suet. Tib. 15; Tac. A. 14, 47.—
2.
Quiet, peace:
quae diuturna quies pepererat,
Sall. C. 31, 1:
quieti Subdita montanae bracchia Dalmatiae,
Ov. P. 2, 2, 77:
ingrata genti quies,
Tac. G. 14:
atrox clamor et repente quies,
id. A. 1, 25:
longa,
id. Agr. 11. — Transf., of inanim. things:
si non tanta quies iret frigusque caloremque Inter,
i. e. the repose of spring, Verg. G. 2, 344:
ventorum,
Plin. 18, 26, 62, § 231:
pelagi,
Stat. S. 2, 2, 26:
lenis materiae,
evenness, smoothness, Plin. 16, 16, 28, § 70.—
3.
The rest of sleep, repose, sleep, Plaut. Cure. 2, 2, 22:
capere quietem,
to fall asleep, go to sleep, Ov. F. 1, 205:
alta,
deep sleep, Verg. A. 6, 522:
ire ad quietem,
to go to rest, go to sleep, Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60:
quieti se tradere,
id. ib. 1, 29, 61:
secundum quietem,
in sleep, id. ib. 2, 66, 135:
per quietem,
Suet. Caes. 81:
neque vigiliis neque quietibus,
Sall. C. 15, 4.—
4.
The sleep of death, death:
olli dura quies oculos et ferreus urget Somnus,
Verg. A. 10, 745:
quod si forte tibi properarint fata quietem,
Prop. 2, 28 (3, 24), 25. —
II.
Transf.
1.
A dream:
vanae nec monstra quietis, Nec somno comperta loquor,
Stat. Th. 10, 205:
praesaga,
id. ib. 10, 324; Vell. 2, 70, 1:
ducem terruit dira quies, nam Varum cernere visus est, etc.,
Tac. A. 1, 65.—
2.
A resting-place, lair of a wild beast ( poet.):
intectae fronde quietes,
Lucr. 1, 405.—
III.
Personified:
Quies,
the goddess of rest, Liv. 4, 41, 8; Stat. Th. 10, 89.
2.
quĭes, ētis, adj., for quietus, a, um (cf. inquies), quiet, peaceful (ante-class.): mens, Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 704 P.: milites quietes, Licin. Macer. ib.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > quies
5 sollicitus

sollĭcĭtus ( sōlĭcĭtus), a, um, adj. [sollus-cieo; cf. sollicito], thoroughly moved, agitated, disturbed.
I.
Of physical motion ( poet. and rare).
1.
As attrib. of motus, restless, unceasing:
quae sollicito motu carerent, referring to the elements in constant motion, as air, water, etc.,
Lucr. 1, 343: sic igitur penitus qui in ferro'st abditus aër Sollicito motu semper jactatur, i. e. an unceasing air-current within the iron, to explain its attraction by the magnet, id. 6, 1038.—
2.
Of the sea agitated by storms:
ut mare sollicitum stridet,
Verg. G. 4, 262. —
3.
Pregn., with the idea of distress (v. II. B.):
utile sollicitae sidus utrumque rati,
to a ship in distress, Ov. F. 5, 720: sollicitae porro plenaeque sonoribus aures, agitated, vibrating ( by disease), Lucr. 6, 1185:
corpus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1299.—
4.
Sollicitum habere (cf. II. A. and B. infra), = sollicitare:
omnes sollicitos habui,
kept them busy, on the move, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 52 Donat. ad loc.
II.
Of mental affections, full of anxiety, excitement, distracted by cares, engaged, troubled, disturbed (opp. quietus).
A.
Of cares of business; esp. sollicitum habere, to keep busy, engaged (Plaut. and Ter.):
(clientes) qui neque leges colunt, neque, etc., sollicitos patronos habent,
Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 12 Brix ad loc.;
4, 2, 21: quorum negotiis nos absentum sollicitae noctes et dies sumus semper,
id. Stich. 1, 1, 6:
hem, tot mea Solius solliciti sunt curā, of servants busy in attending their master,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 77: numquid vis? Py. Ne magis sim pulcer quam sum:
ita me mea forma habet sollicitum,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 95; cf.:
Hispaniae armis sollicitae,
Sall. H. 1, 48 Dietsch. —
B.
Of restlessness from fear, suspense, etc., full of anxiety, agitated, alarmed, solicitous, anxious (opp. securus; freq. and class.): sollicitum habere, to fill with apprehension and fear, keep in anxiety; constr.,
1.
Absol.:
in quibus si non erunt insidiae... animus tamen erit sollicitus,
Cic. Phil. 12, 11, 36:
diutius videtur velle eos habere sollicitos a quibus se putat diuturnioribus esse molestiis conflictatum,
id. Fam. 6, 13, 3:
quae maxime angere atque sollicitam habere vestram aetatem videtur,
id. Sen. 19, 66:
sollicitum te habebat cogitatio periculi mei,
id. Fam. 7, 3, 1; so id. Att. 2, 18, 1; id. Sest. 11, 25:
initia rerum quae... sollicitam Italiam habebant,
Caes. B. C. 3, 22:
cum satis per se ipsum Samnitium bellum et,... sollicitos haberet patres,
Liv. 8, 29, 1:
solliciti et incerti rerum suarum Megaram referre signa jubent,
id. 24, 23, 5:
sollicitae ac suspensae civitati,
id. 27, 50 med.:
quid illis nos sollicitis ac pendentibus animi renuntiare jubetis,
id. 7, 30, 22:
sollicitae mentes,
Ov. F 3, 362:
pectus,
id. M. 2, 125:
mens,
Curt. 4, 13, 2:
animi,
Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 18:
ego percussorem meum securum ambulare patiar, me sollicito?
Sen. Clem. 1, 9, 4:
sollicitus est et incertus sui quem spes aliqua proritat,
id. Ep. 23, 2:
ut sollicitus sim cum Saturnus et Mars ex contrario stabunt,
alarmed, id. ib. 88, 14:
fertur sollicitas tenuisse deas,
kept them in anxious suspense, Stat. Achill. 2, 338:
nunc sollicitam timor anxius angit,
Verg. A. 9, 89.—And opposed to securus and securitas:
quid est turpius quam in ipso limine securitatis esse sollicitum?
Sen. Ep. 22, 5:
securo nihil est te pejus, eodem Sollicito nihil est te melius,
Mart. 4, 83, 1; so id. 5, 31, 8; Sen. Ep. 124, 19; Quint. 11, 3, 151; Tac. H. 4, 58.—
2.
With abl.:
sollicitam mihi civitatem suspitione, suspensam metu... tradidistis,
Cic. Agr. 1, 8, 23:
Sophocles, ancipiti sententiarum eventu diu sollicitus,
Val. Max. 9, 12, 5 ext. —
3.
With de:
sollicitus eram de rebus urbanis,
Cic. Fam. 2, 12, 1:
de tuā valetudine,
id. ib. 16, 7, 1:
sollicita civitas de Etruriae defectione fuit,
Liv. 27, 21 med.:
sollicitum te esse scribis de judicii eventu,
Sen. Ep. 24, 1:
desii jam de te esse sollicitus,
id. ib. 82, 1.—
4.
With pro:
ne necesse sit unum sollicitum esse pro pluribus,
Cic. Lael. 13, 45.—
5.
With propter: sollicitus propter iniquitatem locorum, Liv. 38, 40, 9; 44, 3, 5 infra.—
6.
With adverb. acc. vicem, for the fate of:
sollicito consuli et propter itineris difficultatem et eorum vicem,... nuntius occurrit,
Liv. 44, 3, 5:
ut meam quoque, non solum reipublicae vicem videretur sollicitus,
id. 28, 43, 9:
clamor undique ab sollicitis vicem imperatoris militibus sublatus,
id. 28, 19, 17.—
7.
With gen.:
non sollicitus futuri, pendet (filius tuus mortuus),
Sen. Cons. Marc. 19, 6.—
8.
With dat. (late Lat.):
ne solliciti sitis animae vestrae, neque corpori vestro,
Vulg. Matt. 6, 25.—
9.
With ex:
ex hoc misera sollicita'st, diem Quia olim in hunc, etc.,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 33:
haec turba sollicita ex temerariā regis fiduciā,
Curt. 3, 1, 17.—
10.
With ne, like verbs of fearing:
(mater) sollicita est ne eundem conspiciat, etc.,
Cic. Mur. 41, 88:
legati Romanorum circuire urbes, solliciti ne Aetoli partis alicujus animos ad Antiochum avertissent,
apprehensive, Liv. 35, 31, 1:
sollicitis populis ne suas operiant terras,
Plin. 11, 29, 35, § 104:
sollicitus Solon, ne tacendo parum reipublicae consuleret,
Just. 2, 7, 9; Front. Strat. 1, 1, 6.—
11.
With interrog.-clause:
solliciti erant quo evasura esset res,
Liv. 30, 21 init.:
quam sim sollicitus, quidnam futurum sit,
Cic. Att. 8, 6, 3.—
C.
In gen., troubled, disturbed, afflicted, grieved; constr. absol., with abl. alone, or with de:
sollicitus mihi nescio quā re videtur,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 30:
neque est consentaneum ullam honestam rem, ne sollicitus sis... deponere,
lest you be troubled by cares, Cic. Lael. 13, 47:
vehementer te esse sollicitum et praecipuo quodam dolore angi,
id. Fam. 4, 3, 1:
vehementer populum sollicitum fuisse de P. Sullae morte,
id. ib. 9, 10, 3:
num eum postea censes anxio animo aut sollicito fuisse,
afflicted by remorse, id. Fin. 2, 17, 55:
hoc genus omne Maestum ac sollicitum est cantoris morte Tigelli,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 3.—
D.
Excited, passionate (rare):
qui, ut sint pudici, solliciti tamen et anxii sunt,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 33, 70:
atqui sollicitae nuntius hospitae, Suspirare Chloen.. Dicens, etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 7, 9; so, = avidus, with gen. or de ( poet. and post-class.):
hominem cuppedinis sollicitum,
Lucr. 5, 46:
de regno sollicitus ( = avidus regni potiundi),
Just. 1, 10, 6.—
E.
Very careful for, concerned in, punctilious, particular about (post-Aug.; freq.); constr. absol., with de, circa, in, or obj.-inf.:
ne decet quidem, ubi maxima rerum monumenta versantur, de verbis esse sollicitum,
Quint. 8, 3, 13:
de quorum sumus judicio solliciti,
for whose judgment we care, id. 10, 7, 24:
dixit Cicero, non se de ingenii famā, sed de fide esse sollicitum,
id. 11, 1, 74:
nec sum in hoc sollicitus, dum res ipsa appareat,
id. 8, 4, 15:
eloquentia non in verba sollicita,
Sen. Ben. 7, 8, 2:
si tamen contingere eloquentia non sollicito potest,
id. Ep. 75, 5:
cur abis, non sollicitus prodesse bonis, nocere malis?
id. Hippol. 976; cf.
in double sense,
Mart. 4, 83, 2 and 5.—
F.
= sollicitatus (v. sollicito; poet.):
solliciti jaceant terrāque premantur iniquā qui, etc.,
without repose, Ov. Am. 2, 16, 15.
III.
Of abstr. and inanim. things.
1.
In gen., solicitous, mournful, full of or connected with cares and anxiety, anxious, disturbed (class.;
often approaching the signif. II.): scio quam timida sit ambitio, et quam sollicita sit cupiditas consulatūs,
how full of cares is the desire for the consulship, Cic. Mil. 16, 42:
id est proprium civitatis ut sit libera et non sollicita rei cujusque custodia,
i. e. that nobody be disturbed in the quiet possession of his property, id. Off. 2, 22, 78:
est enim metus futurae aegritudinis sollicita exspectatio,
id. Tusc. 5, 18, 52:
quam sit omnis amor sollicitus et anxius,
fraught with solicitude, id. Att. 2, 24, 1: assentior, sollicitam et periculosam justitiam non esse sapientis, id. Fragm. Rep. ap. Prisc. p. 801 P. (Rep. 3, 27, 39): sollicitam lucem rapuisti Ciceroni, the mournful light, i. e. life, Vell. 2, 66:
in sollicito civitatis statu,
Quint. 6, 1, 16:
Hermagoras, vir diligentiae nimium sollicitae,
evercareful, id. 3, 11, 22:
sollicitum dicendi propositum,
anxiously accurate, id. 11, 1, 32:
sollicita parentis diligentia,
earnest care, id. 6, prooem. 1; so id. 6, 12, 16:
sollicitae actiones,
carefully elaborated, id. 4, 1, 57: causae sollicitae (opp. securae), [p. 1723] very doubtful cases, i. e. in which there is anxious suspense about the issue, id. 11, 3, 151: captarum (ferarum) sollicita possessio;
saepe enim laniant dominos,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 14, 2:
maxima quaeque bona sollicita sunt,
id. ib. 17, 4; id. Ep. 14, 18:
noctes, id. Ira, 2, 20, 1: tutela,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:
sollicitos fecisti, Romule, ludos,
Ov. A. A. 1, 101:
quisque, sibi quid sit Utile, sollicitis supputat articulis,
id. P. 2, 3, 18:
sollicito carcere dignus eras,
a prison carefully guarded, id. Am. 1, 6, 64:
Cressa... sollicito revocavit Thesea filo,
Stat. S. 2, 6, 26:
pudor,
Mart. 11, 45, 7:
amor,
Ov. H. 19 (18), 196:
os,
id. P. 4, 9, 130:
frons,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 16:
manus,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:
preces,
id. P. 3, 1, 148:
prex,
Hor. C. 1, 35, 5:
vita,
id. S. 2, 6, 62:
lux,
Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 116:
senecta,
id. M. 6, 500:
libelli,
Mart. 9, 58, 5:
saccus,
id. 12, 60 b, 3:
fuga,
Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 50:
sedes,
id. ib. 4, 1, 85:
via,
id. ib. 1, 11, 2:
terrae,
id. M. 15, 786.— Hence,
2.
= sollicitum habens, that causes distress, distressing, trying:
quid magis sollicitum dici potest,
what more distressing fact can be mentioned? Cic. Mil. 2, 5:
in quā (tyrannorum) vitā nulla... potest esse fiducia, omnia semper suspecta atque sollicita,
causing alarm, id. Lael. 15, 52:
sollicitumque aliquid laetis intervenit,
Ov. M. 7, 454:
o mihi sollicitum decus ac suprema voluptas,
Stat. Th. 7, 363; so,
opes,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 79:
aurum,
Sen. Hippol. 519:
pretia,
id. Herc. Fur. 461:
timor or metus,
Ov. H. 1, 12; 8, 76; 13, 124; id. P. 3, 2, 12; id. Tr. 3, 11, 10:
cura,
id. P. 1, 5, 61; Sen. Thyest. 922:
dolor,
Ov. A. A. 3, 374:
taedium,
Hor. C. 1, 14, 17:
fatum,
Ov. P. 4, 10, 11.
IV.
Of animals (rare): sollicitum animal (canis) ad nocturnos strepitus, very attentive to, i. e. watchful, Liv. 5, 47, 3; so Ov. M. 11, 599:
solliciti terrentur equi,
id. F. 6, 741:
lepus,
timid, id. ib. 5, 372.
V.
Comp.: sollicitior (mostly post-Aug.; for which Cic. has magis sollicitus; v. III. 2. supra) homo, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 3:
nos circa lites raras sollicitiores,
too particular about, Quint. 7, 1, 43:
sollicitior rei familiaris diligentia,
id. 12, 1, 6:
innocentiam sollicitiore habituri loco,
Sen. Ben. 3, 13, 1:
(pauperes) sollicitiores divitibus,
id. Cons. Helv. 12, 1:
quod est sollicitius,
id. Tranq. 1, 15:
qui non sollicitior de capitis sui decore sit quam de salute,
id. Brev. Vit. 12, 3:
pro vobis sollicitior,
Tac. H. 4, 58.— Sup. (post-Aug. and rare):
illorum brevissima ac sollicitissima aetas est,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 16, 1.— Adv.: sollĭcĭtē (post-Aug.).
1.
Carefully, punctiliously, anxiously: vestis nec servata, nec sumenda sollicite, Ser. Samm. ap. Sen. Tranq. 1, 5:
in conviviis lingua sollicite etiam ebriis custodienda est,
Sen. Clem. 1, 26, 2:
recitare,
Plin. Ep. 6, 15, 4:
exspectatus,
Front. Strat. 3, 12, 1; id. Aquaed. 103:
sollicitius et intentius,
Plin. Ep. 1, 4, 2:
custodiendus est honor,
id. ib. 1, 19, 4:
cavere,
App. Mag. p. 274, 35.— Sup.:
urbis curam sollicitissime agere,
Suet. Claud. 18.—
2.
With grief, solicitude (class.:
sollicito animo): sollicite possidentur,
their possession is connected with solicitude, Sen. Ep. 76, 30:
laetus,
Sil. 6, 572.— Sup., Sen. Ep. 93, 12.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sollicitus
6 albus

albus, a, um, adj. [cf. Umbr. alfu and Sab. alpus = white; alphos = white rash; O. H. Germ. Elbiz = a swan; to this have been referred also Alba Longa, Albunea, Alpes from their snowy summits (Paul. ex Fest. p. 4 Müll.), Albion from its chalky cliffs, Alpheios, and Albis = Elbe], white (properly dead white, not shining; e. g. hair, complexion, garments, etc., opp. ater, black that is without lustre; while candidus denotes a glistening, dazzling white, opp. niger, shining black.—Hence, trop., albus and ater, a symbol of good or ill fortune; on the other hand, candidus and niger of moral worth or unworthiness; cf. Doed. Syn. III. 193 sq.—So Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 82: aliud est candidum, i. e. quādam nitenti luce perfusum esse; aliud album, quod pallori constat esse vicinum; cf. Verg. E. 7, 38: Candidior cycnis, hederā formosior albā, with id. ib. 3, 39: diffusos hederā vestit pallente corymbos; but this distinction is freq. disregarded by the poets).
I.
Lit.
A.
In gen.:
barba,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 15:
corpus,
id. Capt. 3, 4, 115:
color albus praecipue decorus deo est, maxime in textili,
Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45: albus calculus, the small white stone used in voting, as a sign of acceding to the opinion of any one, or of the acquittal of one who is under accusation (opp. ater calculus;
v. calculus).— Hence, trop.: alicui rei album calculum adicere,
to allow, approve of, authorize, Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 5.—In Enn. an epithet of the sun and moon: sol, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 92 Vahl.): jubar Hyperionis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 658 P. (Ann. v. 547 ib.).—The following are examples of the opposition of albus and niger (instead of ater) as exceptions to the gen. rule; so always in Lucr. (who also uses albus and candidus or candens promiscuously), 2, 810; 822 sqq.; 731 sq.; 790; 767-771. Once in Cic.: quae alba sint, quae nigra dicere, Div. 2, 3; so Phaedr. 3, 15, 10; Ov. M. 2, 541; cf. with id. ib. 2, 534 and 535; also id. ib. 12, 403; 15, 46; id. H. 15, 37 al.:
albi et nigri velleris,
Vulg. Gen. 30, 35:
non potes unum capillum album facere aut nigrum,
ib. Matt. 5, 36.—
B.
Esp.
1.
Pale, from sickness, terror, care, and the like:
aquosus albo Corpore languor, of dropsical persons,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 15:
pallor,
id. Epod. 7, 15:
vivat et urbanis albus in officiis,
pale from the cares of his public office, Mart. 1, 56 fin. et saep. —
2.
Of clothing, white: alba decent Cererem;
vestes Cerealibus albas Sumite,
Ov. F. 4, 619:
vidit duos Angelos in albis,
Vulg. Joan. 20, 12; ib. Apoc. 3, 4.—Hence, poet. transf. to the person, clothed in white, Hor. S. 1, 2, 36: pedibus qui venerat albis, who had come with white feet, i. e. marked with chalk, as for sale, Juv. 1, 111 (cf. gypsatus and also Plin. 35, 17, 58, §§ 199-201; Mayor ad 1. 1.).—
3.
Prov. phrases.
a.
Dentibus albis deridere, to deride one by laughing so as to show the teeth, for to deride much, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 48 (cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 26).—
b.
Albus an ater sit, nescio or non curo, I know not, care not whether he is white or black, i. e. he is entirely indifferent to me:
vide, quam te amārit is, qui albus aterve fueris ignorans, fratris filium praeteriit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 16:
unde illa scivit, ater an albus nascerer,
Phaedr. 3, 15, 10; Cat. 93, 2; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 38.—
c.
Albo rete aliquid oppugnare, to attack or seize upon something with a white net, i. e. in a delicate, skilful manner:
qui hic albo rete aliena oppugnant bona,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 22 (so the passage seems to be more simply explained than acc. to the opinion of Gron.: qui albo (by the register of the prætor) tamquam rete, which omission of the tamquam is a Horatian, but not a Plautinian idiom). —
d.
Albā lineā aliquid signare, to make a white line upon a white ground, i. e. to make no distinction: et amabat omnes, nam ut discrimen non facit... signat linea alba, Lucil. ap. Non. 282, 28 (where the common editions have neque before signare, which gives the expression a directly opposite sense): albā, ut dicitur, lineā sine curā discriminis convertebant, Gell. praef. 11.—
* e.
Alba avis, a white sparrow, for something rare, uncommon, strange:
quasi avem albam videntur bene sentientem civem videre,
Cic. Fam. 7, 28 (quasi novum quiddam; proverbium ex eo natum, quia rarae aves albae, Manut. ad h. 1.).—
* f.
Filius albae gallinae, fortune's favorite child, Juv. 13, 141, prob. an allusion to the miracle that happened to Livia in regard to a white hen, v. Plin. 15, 30, 40; Suet. Galb. 1 (Ruperti ad h. 1, refers this expression to the unfruitfulness of a white hen, and conpares Col. R. R. 8, 2, 7).—
* g.
Equis albis praecurrere aliquem, to excel, surpass one, Hor. S. 1, 7, 8 (the figure being drawn from the white horses attached to a triumphal chariot; cf. Suet. Ner. 25; id. Dom. 2).—
II.
Trop.
A.
Favorable, fortunate, propitious:
simul alba nautis Stella refulsit,
i. e. the twin-star Castor, favorable to sailors, Hor. C. 1, 12, 27:
dies,
Sil. 15, 53:
sint omnia protinus alba,
Pers. 1, 110.—
B.
Poet. and act., of the wind, making clear or bright, dispersing the clouds; hence, dry:
Notus,
Hor. C. 1, 7, 15 (as a transl. of the Gr. leukonotos):
iapyx,
id. ib. 3, 27, 19 (cf.:
clarus aquilo,
Verg. G. 1, 460).—Whence,
III.
album, i, n., whiteness.
A.
White color, white:
maculis insignis et albo,
Verg. G. 3, 56;
sparsis pellibus albo,
id. E. 2, 41:
columnas polire albo,
to make white, whiten, Liv. 40, 51.—Hence,
2.
Esp.,
a.
The white of the eye:
oculorum,
Cels. 2, 6; so id. 7, 7, n. 6 and 12.—
b.
The white of an egg:
ovi,
Cels. 6, 6, n. 7.—
c.
In Col. 6, 17, 7, a white spot on the eye, i. e. a disease of it, = albugo.—
B.
In the lang. of polit. life, a white tablet, on which any thing is inscribed (like leukôma in Gr.).
1.
The tablets on which the Pontifex Maximus registered the principal events of the year, the Annales maximi (v. annales): in album referre, to enter or record in, Cic. de Or. 2, 12, 52; Liv. 1, 32, 2.—
2.
The tablets of the prœtor, on which his edicts were written, and which were posted up in some public place, Paul. Sent. l. 1, t. 14.—Hence, sedere ad album, to be employed with the edicts of the prœtor, Sen. Ep. 48:
se ad album transferre,
Quint. 12, 3, 11 Spald.—
3.
Esp., a list of names, a register, e. g. Album senatorium, the tablet on which the names of the senators were enrolled, the roll, register, which, by the order of Augustus, was to be posted up annually in the senate-house, Diom. 55, 3, and Fragm. 137:
aliquem albo senatorio eradere,
Tac. A. 4, 42 fin. —Also, the list of the judges chosen by the quœstors:
aliquem albo judicum eradere,
Suet. Claud. 16; so id. Dom. 8.—And transf. to other catalogues of names:
citharoedorum,
Suet. Ner. 21.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > albus
7 fruor

frŭor, fructus ( perf. fruitus est, Dig. 7, 4, 29:
fruiti sumus,
Sen. Ep. 93, 7:
fructus sum,
Vell. 2, 104, 3; Lucr. 3, 940; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 562; part. fut. fruiturus, v. in the foll.; imp. FRVIMINO, Inscr. Orell. 3121; as famino from fari, see below, II.), 3, v. dep. n. [for frugvor, from the root FRVG, of fruges, fructus; Goth. bruk-jan; Germ. brauchen, to use], to derive enjoyment from a thing, to enjoy, delight in (with a more restricted signif. than uti, to make use of a thing, to use it; cf.:
Hannibal cum victoria posset uti, frui maluit, relictaque Roma Campaniam peragrare,
Flor. 2, 6, 21:
tu voluptate frueris, ego utor: tu illam summum bonum putas, ego nec bonum,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 10 fin.; cf.:
id est cujusque proprium quo quisque fruitur atque utitur,
Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 2). Constr. with abl.; less freq. with acc. or absol.
I.
In gen.
(α).
With abl., Plaut. As. 5, 2, 68:
utatur suis bonis oportet et fruatur, qui beatus futurus est,
Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 103; cf.:
plurimis maritimis rebus fruimur atque utimur,
id. ib. 2, 60, 152:
commoda, quibus utimur, lucemque, qua fruimur,
id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131:
aevo sempiterno,
id. Rep. 6, 13; cf.:
immortali aevo,
Lucr. 2, 647:
vitā,
Cic. Clu. 61, 170; id. Cat. 4, 4, 7; Sall. C. 1, 3; Tac. A. 16, 17; Sen. Ep. 61, 2:
omnibus in vita commodis una cum aliquo,
Caes. B. G. 3, 22, 2:
voluptatibus,
Cic. Rep. 3, 12; v. infra:
optimis rebus,
Phaedr. 4, 24, 9:
gaudio,
Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 2:
meo amore,
Prop. 2, 1, 48; cf.
thalamis,
Ov. F. 3, 554:
etiam his, quae nec cibo nec poculo sunt, frui dicimur, etc.,
Donat. ad Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 46:
recordatione nostrae amicitiae,
Cic. Lael. 4, 15:
usu alicujus et moribus,
id. ib. 9, 32:
securitate (animus),
id. ib. 13, 44:
timore paventum,
Sil. 12, 566; cf.
poenă,
Mart. 8, 30, 3:
quod (genus vitae), virtute fruitur,
Cic. Fin. 4, 6, 15 Madv. N. cr. al.:
quo (spectaculo) fructus sum,
Vell. 2, 104, 3:
omnium rerum cognitione fructi sumus,
Sen. Ep. 93 med.:
non meo nomine, sed suo fructus est emptor,
Dig. 7, 4, 29:
mundo,
Manil. 1, 759:
eum esse beatum, qui praesentibus voluptatibus frueretur confideretque se fruiturum aut in omni aut in magna parte vitae,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 38.—Of personal objects, to enjoy one's society:
neque te fruimur et tu nobis cares,
Cic. Att. 2, 1, 4:
Attico,
Nep. Att. 20:
ut sinat Sese alternas cum illo noctes hac frui,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 68:
cara conjuge,
Tib. 3, 3, 32:
viro,
Prop. 2, 9, 24.—
(β).
With acc.:
pabulum frui occipito,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1: ea, quae fructus cumque es, periere profusa, Lucr. 3, 940:
meo modo ingenium frui,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 21.—In the part. fut. pass. (only so in class. prose):
permittitur infinita potestas innumerabilis pecuniae conficiendae de vestris vectigalibus, non fruendis sed alienandis,
Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 33; cf. id. Fin. 1, 1, 3:
nobis haec fruenda relinqueret, quae ipse servasset,
id. Mil. 23, 63:
ejus (voluptatis) fruendae modus,
id. Off. 1, 30, 106:
justitiae fruendae causa,
id. ib. 2, 12, 41:
agro bene culto nihil potest esse nec usu uberius nec specie ornatius: ad quem fruendum non modo non retardat, verum etiam invitat senectus,
id. de Sen. 16, 57:
quem (florem aetatis) patri Hannibalis fruendum praebuit,
Liv. 21, 3, 4:
res fruenda oculis,
id. 22, 14, 4.—
(γ).
Absol.:
satiatis et expletis jucundius est carere quam frui,
Cic. de Sen. 14, 47:
datur: fruare, dum licet,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 104:
quae gignuntur nobis ad fruendum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 16; cf.:
di tibi divitias dederant artemque fruendi,
Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 7:
fruebamur, cum, etc.,
were delighted, Plin. Pan. 34, 4.—
II.
In partic., jurid. t. t., to have the use and enjoyment of a thing, to have the usufruct:
quid? si constat, hunc non modo colendis praediis praefuisse, sed certis fundis patre vivo frui solitum esse?
Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 44:
EVM AGRVM POSIDERE FRVIQVE VIDETVR OPORTERE,
Inscr. Orell. 3121 (A. U. C. 637); cf.: AGRVM POSIDEBVNT FRVENTVRQVE, ib.: AGRVM NEI HABETO NIVE FRVIMINO, ib.; and:
QVOD ANTE K. IAN. FRVCTI SVNT ERVNTQVE VECTIGAL, ib.: ut censores agrum Campanum fruendum locarent,
Liv. 27, 11, 8; cf. id. 32, 7, 3:
qui in perpetuum fundum fruendum conduxerunt a municipibus, etc.,
Dig. 6, 3, 1; cf. Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 27.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > fruor
8 pilus

1.
pĭlus, i, m., a hair (syn.: villus, seta).
I.
Lit.:
capra pilos ministrat ad usum nauticum,
Varr. R. R. 2, 11:
munitae sunt palpebrae vallo pilorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 143:
caudae pilos equinae vellere,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 45:
duris aspera crura pilis,
Ov. A. A. 3, 194:
contra pilum equum fricare, Pelag. Vet. 26: in capite homini plurimus pilus,
Plin. 11, 37, 47, § 130.—Prov.:
non minus molestum est calvis quam comatis pilos velli,
Sen. Tranq. An. 8, 2, 3:
propius quidem est a sole mons quam campus aut valles, sed sic, quomodo est pilus pilo crassior,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 11, 4.—
II.
Transf.
A.
Collect., hair, the hair:
fruticante pilo neglecta et squalida crura,
Juv. 9, 15.—
B.
As a designation of insignificance, a hair, a trifle; usually joined with a negative, not a hair, not a bit, not a whit (class.):
ego ne pilo quidem minus me amabo,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16, 5:
interea e Cappadociā ne pilum quidem,
id. Att. 5, 20, 6:
ne ullum pilum viri boni habere dicatur,
has not a hair of a good man about him, id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:
non facit pili cohortem,
does not value it a straw, Cat. 10, 13; cf.:
nec pili facit uni,
cares not a pin about it, id. 17, 16.—In plur., a garment or fabric made of hair:
vestitus pilis cameli,
Vulg. Marc. 1, 6.
2.
pīlus, i, m. [pilum], regularly joined with primus: primus pilus (in the gen. written also as one word, primipili), the division of the triarii in the Roman army:
P. Sextius Baculus, primi pili centurio,
Caes. B. G. 3, 5; id. B. C. 1, 13: T. Balventius, qui superiore anno primum pilum duxerat, had been leader, captain of the triarii, id. B. G. 5, 35; Liv. 42, 34, 11: aliquem ad primum pilum transducere, to transfer, advance to the triarii, Caes. B. C. 3, 53, 5: primos pilos ademit, took the command of the triarii, of the primipili, Suet. Calig. 44:
vetus consuetudo tenuit, ut ex primo principe legionis promeretur centurio primi pili, qui non solum aquilae praeerat, verum etiam quatuor centurias in primā acie gubernabat,
Veg. Mil. 2, 8.—Without primus:
referes pili praemia,
Mart. 6, 58, 10; 1, 32, 3.—
II.
Transf.: primipilus (in inscrr. also written PRIMOPIL, and abbrev. P. P.), the chief centurion of the triarii (the transf. arose from the circumstance that the chief centurion of this division was originally designated by the term primi pili, with the omission of the easily supplied centurio, as is shown by the following citation from Liv. 7, 41, 5;
soon, however, from primi pili, a new word, primipilus or primopilus, was formed): primus centurio erat, quem nunc primi pili appellant,
Liv. 7, 41, 5; 8, 8, 16:
primipilo P. Sext. Baculo vulneribus confecto,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25:
aquilarum altera vix convelli a primipilo potuit,
Val. Max. 1, 6, 11; Inscr. (of the time of Trajan) Orell. 799: SEX. AVLIENO SEX. F. PRIMOPIL. II., Inscr. (of the time of Tiberius or Caligula) Orell. 3426 M. P.; cf. Becker, Antiq. 3, 3, p. 264.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pilus
9 refero

rĕ-fĕro, rettŭli (also written retuli), rĕlātum (rēlātum or rellatum, Lucr. 2, 1001), rĕferre, v. a. irr., to bear, carry, bring, draw, or give back (very freq. and class.; cf.: reduco, reporto, retraho).
I.
Lit.
A.
Ingen.: zonas, quas plenas argenti extuli, eas ex provinciā inanes rettuli, C. Gracchus ap. Gell. 15, 12 fin.:
arma,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 25:
vasa domum,
id. Poen. 4, 2, 25; cf.:
pallam domum,
id. Men. 5, 7, 59; 4, 2, 97; 98; cf.:
anulum ad me,
id. Cas. 2, 1, 1;
and simply pallam, spinther,
id. Men. 3, 3, 16; 5, 1, 5; 5, 2, 56:
secum aurum,
id. Aul. 4, 5, 4:
exta,
id. Poen. 2, 44:
uvidum rete sine squamoso pecu,
id. Rud. 4, 3, 5:
aestus aliquem in portum refert,
id. As. 1, 3, 6:
Auster me ad tribulos tuos Rhegium rettulit,
Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 3: ut naves eodem, unde erant profectae, reterrentur, Caes. B. G. 4, 28:
me referunt pedes in Tusculanum,
Cic. Att. 15, 16, B; cf.:
aliquem lecticae impositum domum,
Suet. Caes. 82; and:
in Palatium,
id. Vit. 16: intro referre pedem, to turn one ' s feet back, to return, Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 50; cf.:
incertus tuum cave ad me rettuleris pedem,
id. Ep. 3, 4, 3:
caelo rettulit illa pedem,
Ov. H. 16, 88; 15, 186:
fertque refertque pedes,
id. F. 6, 334 (for a different use of the phrase, v. infra B. 2.):
in decimum vestigia rettulit annum (victoria),
Verg. A. 11, 290:
in convivia gressum,
Sil. 11, 355:
in thalamos cursum,
id. 8, 89:
ad nomen caput ille refert,
turns his head, looks back, Ov. M. 3, 245:
suumque Rettulit os in se,
drew back, concealed, id. ib. 2, 303:
ad Tuneta rursum castra refert,
Liv. 30, 16:
corpus in monumentum,
Petr. 113:
relatis Lacedaemona (ossibus),
Just. 3, 3, 12:
gemmam non ad os, sed ad genas,
Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 5: digitos ad os referre, to draw back (v. digitus), Quint. 11, 3, 103:
digitos ad frontem saepe,
Ov. M. 15, 567:
manum ad capulum,
Tac. A. 15, 58 fin.:
rursus enses vaginae,
Sil. 7, 508:
pecunias monumentaque, in templum,
Caes. B. C. 2, 21:
caput ejus in castra,
id. B. G. 5, 58:
vulneratos in locum tutum,
id. B. C. 2, 41:
cornua (urorum) in publicum,
id. B. G. 6, 28:
frumentum omne ad se referri jubet,
id. ib. 7, 71:
signa militaria, scutum, litteras ad Caesarem,
id. ib. 7, 88; id. B. C. 3, 53; 3, 99; id. B. G. 1, 29; 5, 49:
Caesaris capite relato,
id. B. C. 3, 19 fin. —
b.
Esp.: referre se, to go back, return:
Romam se rettulit,
Cic. Fl. 21, 50:
sese in castra,
Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.:
se huc,
id. ib. 2, 8, 2:
domum me Ad porri catinum,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 115:
sese ab Argis (Juno),
Verg. A. 7, 286:
se ab aestu,
Ov. M. 14, 52; cf.:
se de Britannis ovans,
Tac. A. 13, 32:
causam Cleanthes offert, cur se sol referat,
Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 37.—
c.
Pass. in mid. sense, to return, arrive:
sin reiciemur, tamen eodem paulo tardius referamur necesse est,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 119:
classem relatam,
Verg. A. 1, 390:
nunc Itali in tergum versis referuntur habenis,
Sil. 4, 317; 7, 623.—
d.
To withdraw, remove:
fines benignitatis introrsus referre,
to narrow, Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 5:
Seleucia ab mari relata,
remote, Plin. 5, 27, 22, § 93. —
B.
In partic.
1.
To give back something due; to give up, return, restore, pay back, repay (= reddere):
scyphos, quos utendos dedi Philodamo, rettuleritne?
Plaut. As. 2, 4, 34; cf. id. Aul. 4, 10, 29; 37; 38;
and, pateram (surreptam),
Cic. Div. 1, 25, 54:
argentum,
Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 29; so (with reddere) id. Curc. 5, 3, 45:
mercedem (with reddere),
id. As. 2, 4, 35; cf.:
octonis idibus aera,
to pay the money for tuition. Hor. S. 1, 6, 75 (v. idus):
si non Rettuleris pannum,
id. Ep. 1, 17, 32; 1, 6, 60:
verum, si plus dederis, referam,
Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 112.—
2.
Referre pedem or gradum, as a milit. t. t., to draw back, retire, withdraw, retreat (different from the gen. signif., to return, and the above passages):
vulneribus defessi pedem referre coeperunt,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25; cf.:
ut paulatim cedant ac pedem referant,
id. B. C. 2, 40; Liv. 7, 33; so,
referre pedem,
Caes. B. C. 1, 44 (with loco excedere); Cic. Phil. 12, 3 (opp. insistere); Liv. 3, 60 (opp. restituitur pugna);
21, 8 al.— For the sake of euphony: referre gradum: cum pedes referret gradum,
Liv. 1, 14. —
And, in a like sense, once mid.: a primā acie ad triarios sensim referebatur,
Liv. 8, 8, 11.—
b.
Transf., out of the milit. sphere:
feroque viso retulit retro pedem (viator),
Phaedr. 2, 1, 8; cf.:
viso rettulit angue pedem,
Ov. F. 2, 342; 6, 334:
rettulit ille gradus horrueruntque comae,
id. ib. 2, 502:
(in judiciis) instare proficientibus et ab iis, quae non adjuvant, quam mollissime pedem oportet referre,
Quint. 6, 4, 19.
II.
Trop., to bear or carry back, to bring, draw, or give back.
A.
In gen.: (Saxum) ejulatu... Resonando mutum flebiles voces refert, Att. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94 (Trag. Rel. p. 176 Rib.); cf. Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 14, § 42:
sonum,
id. N. D. 2, 57, 144; id. Or. 12, 38; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 201 al.:
voces,
Ov. M. 12, 47; cf.:
Coëamus rettulit Echo,
id. ib. 3, 387: cum ex CXXV. judicibus reus L. referret, restored to the list, i. e. retained, accepted (opp. quinque et LXX. reiceret), Cic. Planc. 17:
o mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos!
Verg. A. 8, 560; cf.: tibi tempora, Hor. C. 4, 13, 13:
festas luces (sae culum),
id. ib. 4, 6, 42:
dies siccos (sol),
id. ib. 3, 29, 20 et saep.:
hoc quidem jam periit: Ni quid tibi hinc in spem referas,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 2, 3:
ad amicam meras querimonias referre,
id. Truc. 1, 2, 65:
hic in suam domum ignominiam et calamitatem rettulit,
Cic. Off. 1, 39, 138; cf.:
pro re certā spem falsam domum rettulerunt,
id. Rosc. Am. 38, 110:
rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223:
servati civis decus referre,
Tac. A. 3, 21:
e cursu populari referre aspectum in curiam,
to turn back, turn towards, Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:
oculos animumque ad aliquem,
id. Quint. 14, 47:
animum ad studia,
id. de Or. 1, 1, 1:
animum ad veritatem,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48:
animum ad firmitudinem,
Tac. A. 3, 6 et saep.:
multa dies variique labor mutabilis aevi Rettulit in melius,
brought to a better state, Verg. A. 11, 426:
uterque se a scientiae delectatione ad efficiendi utilitatem refert,
Cic. Rep. 5, 3, 5; so,
se ad philosophiam referre,
to go back, return, id. Off. 2, 1, 4:
ut eo, unde digressa est, referat se oratio,
id. ib. 2, 22, 77.—
B.
In partic.
1.
(Acc. to I. B. 1.) To pay back, give back, repay (syn. reddo):
denique Par pari referto,
Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 55; cf.:
quod ab ipso adlatum est, id sibi esse relatum putet,
id. Phorm. prol. 21:
ut puto, non poteris ipsa referre vicem,
pay him back in his own coin, Ov. A. A. 1, 370; Sen. Herc. Fur. 1337. — Esp. in the phrase referre gratiam (rarely gratias), to return thanks, show one ' s gratitude (by deeds), to recompense, requite (cf.:
gratiam habeo): spero ego mihi quoque Tempus tale eventurum, ut tibi gratium referam parem,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 39:
parem gratiam,
Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 51:
et habetur et refertur, Thais, a me ita, uti merita es, gratia,
id. ib. 4, 6, 12; cf.:
meritam gratiam debitamque,
Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 14:
justam ac debitam gratiam,
id. Balb. 26, 59:
pro eo mihi ac mereor relaturos esse gratiam,
id. Cat. 4, 2, 3; 1, 11, 28; id. Off. 2, 20, 69:
fecisti ut tibi numquam referre gratiam possim,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 12; id. Most. 1, 3, 57; id. Pers. 5, 2, 71; id. Ps. 1, 3, 86; id. Rud. 5, 3, 36 al.; Cic. Lael. 15, 53; Caes. B. G. 1, 35:
alicui pro ejus meritis gratiam referre,
id. ib. 5, 27 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 39; 3, 1, fin.:
gratiam emeritis,
Ov. P. 1, 7, 61:
gratiam factis,
id. Tr. 5, 4, 47.— Plur.:
pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores ei habeantur gratiaeque referantur,
Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 39; 10, 11, 1:
dis advenientem gratias pro meritis agere,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 27; v. gratia.—
2.
To bring back any thing; to repeat, renew, restore, = repetere, retractare, renovare, etc.:
(Hecyram) Iterum referre,
to produce it again, Ter. Hec. prol. 7; id. ib. prol. alt. 21 and 30; cf. Hor. A. P. 179.— So, to bring up for reconsideration:
rem judicatam,
Cic. Dom. 29, 78:
ludunt... Dictaeos referunt Curetas,
Lucr. 2, 633:
Actia pugna per pueros refertur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 62: institutum referri ac renovari, Civ. Div. in Caecil. 21, 68; cf.:
consuetudo longo intervallo repetita ac relata,
id. ib. 21, 67:
te illud idem, quod tum explosum et ejectum est, nunc rettulisse demiror,
Cic. Clu. 31, 86:
cum ad idem, unde semel profecta sunt, cuncta astra redierint eandemque totius caeli descriptionem longis intervallis retulerint,
id. Rep. 6, 22, 24:
mysteria ad quae biduo serius veneram,
id. de Or. 3, 20, 75:
quasdam caerimonias ex magno intervallo,
Liv. 3, 55:
antiquum morem,
Suet. Caes. 20:
consuetudinem antiquam,
id. Tib. 32 et saep.:
cum aditus consul idem illud responsum rettulit,
repeated, Liv. 37, 6 fin.:
veterem Valeriae gentis in liberandā patriā laudem,
to restore, Cic. Fl. 1, 1:
hunc morem, hos casus atque haec certamina primus Ascanius Rettulit,
Verg. A. 5, 598:
O mihi praeteritos referat si Juppiter annos,
id. ib. 8, 560.—
b.
To represent, set forth anew, reproduce, etc.:
referre Naturam, mores, victum motusque parentum,
to reproduce, Lucr. 1, 597:
majorum vultus vocesque comasque,
id. 4, 1221:
mores, os vultusque ejus (sc. patris),
Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 9:
parentis sui speciem,
Liv. 10, 7; cf.:
(Tellus) partim figuras Rettulit antiquas, partim nova monstra creavit,
Ov. M. 1, 437:
faciem demptā pelle novam,
Tib. 1, 8, 46:
temporis illius vultum,
Ov. M. 13, 443: si quis mihi parvulus aulā Luderet Aeneas, qui te tamen ore [p. 1545] referret, might represent, resemble thee, Verg. A. 4, 329; cf.:
nomine avum referens, animo manibusque parentem,
id. ib. 12, 348:
Marsigni sermone vultuque Suevos referunt,
Tac. G. 43:
neque amissos colores lana refert,
Hor. C. 3, 5, 28.—
3.
To convey a report, account, intelligence, by speech or by writing; to report, announce, relate, recite, repeat, recount; to mention, allege (class.;
in late Lat. saepissime): certorum hominum sermones referebantur ad me,
Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10 Orell. N. cr.:
tales miserrima fletus Fertque refertque soror (sc. ad Aeneam),
Verg. A. 4, 438:
pugnam referunt,
Ov. M. 12, 160:
factum dictumve,
Liv. 6, 40:
si quis hoc referat exemplum,
Quint. 5, 11, 8:
in epistulis Cicero haec Bruti refert verba,
id. 6, 3, 20:
quale refert Cicero de homine praelongo, caput eum, etc.,
id. 6, 3, 67 et saep.:
quaecunque refers,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 60; 2, 1, 130:
sermones deorum,
id. C. 3, 3, 71:
multum referens de Maecenate,
Juv. 1, 66. —With obj.-clause, Suet. Caes. 30; Ov. M. 1, 700; 4, 796:
Celso gaudere et bene rem gerere refer,
Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 2 al.; cf. poet. by Greek attraction:
quia rettulit Ajax Esse Jovis pronepos,
Ov. M. 13, 141; and:
referre aliquid in annales,
Liv. 4, 34 fin., and 43, 13, 2:
ut Proetum mulier perfida credulum Falsis impulerit criminibus, refert,
Hor. C. 3, 7, 16.— Absol.:
quantum, inquam, debetis? Respondent CVI. Refero ad Scaptium,
I report, announce it to Scaptius, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12:
in quo primum saepe aliter est dictum, aliter ad nos relatum,
reported, stated, id. Brut. 57, 288:
(Hortensius) nullo referente, omnia adversariorum dicta meminisset,
id. ib. 88, 301:
abi, quaere, et refer,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 53. —
b.
Poet. (mostly in Ovid), to repeat to one ' s self, call to mind:
tacitāque recentia mente Visa refert,
Ov. M. 15, 27:
si forte refers,
id. Am. 2, 8, 17:
haec refer,
id. R. Am. 308:
saepe refer tecum sceleratae facta puellae,
id. ib. 299:
mente memor refero,
id. M. 15, 451:
foeda Lycaoniae referens convivia mensae,
id. ib. 1, 165; cf.:
illam meminitque refertque,
id. ib. 11, 563.—
c.
Pregn., to say in return, to rejoin, answer, reply (syn. respondeo):
id me non ad meam defensionem attulisse, sed illorum defensioni rettulisse,
Cic. Caecin. 29, 85:
ego tibi refero,
I reply to you, id. ib. 29, 85, §
84: ut si esset dictum, etc., et referret aliquis Ergo, etc.,
id. Fat. 13, 30:
quid a nobis autem refertur,
id. Quint. 13, 44: retices;
nec mutua nostris Dicta refers,
Ov. M. 1, 656; 14, 696:
Musa refert,
id. ib. 5, 337; id. F. 5, 278:
Anna refert,
Verg. A. 4, 31:
talia voce,
id. ib. 1, 94:
pectore voces,
id. ib. 5, 409:
tandem pauca refert,
id. ib. 4, 333 et saep. —
d.
Publicists' t. t.
(α).
To bring, convey, deliver any thing as an official report, to report, announce, notify, = renuntiare:
legati haec se ad suos relaturos dixerunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 9; cf.:
cujus orationem legati domum referunt,
id. B. C. 1, 35: responsa (legati), Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 380, 31:
legationem Romam,
Liv. 7, 32:
mandata ad aliquem,
Caes. B. C. 3, 57:
responsa,
id. B. G. 1, 35; cf.:
mandata alicui,
id. ib. 1, 37:
numerum capitum ad aliquem,
id. ib. 2, 33 fin.:
rumores excipere et ad aliquem referre,
Cic. Deiot. 9, 25; cf. Caes. B. G. 1, 47:
Ubii paucis diebus intermissis referunt, Suevos omnes, etc.,
id. ib. 6, 10; Liv. 3, 38, 12.—
(β).
Ad senatum de aliquā re referre (less freq with acc., a rel.-clause, or absol.), to make a motion or proposition in the Senate; to consult, refer to, or lay before the Senate; to move, bring forward, propose: VTI L. PAVLVS C. MARCELLVS COSS... DE CONSVLARIBVS PROVINCIIS AD SENATVM REFERRENT, NEVE QVID PRIVS... AD SENATVM REFERRENT, NEVE QVID CONIVNCTVM DE EA RE REFERRETVR A CONSVLIBVS, S. C. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 5 sq.: de legibus abrogandis ad senatum referre. Cic. Cornel. 1, Fragm. 8 (p. 448 Orell.); cf.:
de quo legando consules spero ad senatum relaturos,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58:
de ejus honore ad senatum referre,
id. Phil. 8, 11, 33:
de eā re postulant uti referatur. Itaque consulente Cicerone frequens senatus decernit, etc.,
Sall. C. 48, 5, 6:
rem ad senatum refert,
id. ib. 29, 1; cf.:
tunc relata ex integro res ad senatum,
Liv. 21, 5:
rem ad senatum,
id. 2, 22:
consul convocato senatu refert, quid de his fieri placeat, qui, etc.,
Sall. C. 50, 3: ut ex litteris ad senatum referretur, impetrari (a consulibus) non potuit. Referunt consules de re publicā, Caes. B. C. 1, 1; cf.:
refer, inquis, ad senatum. Non referam,
Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 20.—
Of other bodies than the Senate (cf.: defero, fero): C. Cassium censorem de signo Concordiae dedicando ad pontificum collegium rettulisse,
Cic. Dom. 53, 136: eam rem ad consilium cum rettulisset Fabius. Liv. 24, 45, 2; 30, 4, 9:
est quod referam ad consilium,
id. 30, 31, 9; 44, 2, 5; Curt. 4, 11, 10.— Per syllepsin: DE EA RE AD SENATVM POPVLVMQVE REFERRI, since referre ad populum was not used in this sense (for ferre ad populum); v. fero, and the foll. g:
de hoc (sc. Eumene) Antigonus ad consilium rettulit,
Nep. Eum. 12, 1.— Transf., to make a reference, to refer (class.): de rebus et obscuris et incertis ad Apollinem censeo referendum;
ad quem etiam Athenienses publice de majoribus rebus semper rettulerunt,
Cic. Div. 1, 54, 122; cf. Nep. Lys. 3; Cic. Quint. 16, 53.— Different from this is, *
(γ).
Referre ad populum (for denuo ferre), to propose or refer any thing anew to the people (cf. supra, II. B. 2.;
v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 1006): factum est illorum aequitate et sapientiā consulum, ut id, quod senatus decreverat, id postea referendum ad populum non arbitrarentur,
Cic. Clu. 49, 137; cf. Att. ap. Non. p. 512, 29; Liv. 22, 20; Val. Max. 8, 10, 1.—
e.
A mercantile and publicists' t. t., to note down, enter any thing in writing; to inscribe, register, record, etc.:
cum scirem, ita indicium in tabulas publicas relatum,
Cic. Sull. 15, 42:
in tabulas quodcumque commodum est,
id. Fl. 9, 20:
nomen in tabulas, in codicem,
id. Rosc. Com. 1, 4:
quod reliquum in commentarium,
id. Att. 7, 3, 7:
quid in libellum,
id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:
tuas epistulas in volumina,
i. e. to admit, id. Fam. 16, 17 init.; cf.:
orationem in Origines,
id. Brut. 23, 89 al.:
in reos, in proscriptos referri,
to be set down among, id. Rosc. Am. 10, 27:
absentem in reos,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 42, § 109; cf.:
aliquem inter proscriptos,
Suet. Aug. 70:
anulos quoque depositos a nobilitate, in annales relatum est,
Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 18:
senatūs consulta falsa (sc. in aerarium),
enter, register, Cic. Fam. 12, 1, 1; id. Phil. 5, 4, 12. —Entirely absol.:
ut nec triumviri accipiundo nec scribae referundo sufficerent,
Liv. 26, 36 fin. —Here, too, belongs referre rationes or aliquid (in rationibus, ad aerarium, ad aliquem, alicui), to give, present, or render an account:
rationes totidem verbis referre ad aerarium,
Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2;
and rationes referre alone: in rationibus referendis... rationum referendarum jus, etc.,
id. ib. 5, 20, 1; id. Pis. 25, 61; id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 77; 2, 3, 71, § 167:
referre rationes publicas ad Caesarem cum fide,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20 fin.:
si hanc ex fenore pecuniam populo non rettuleris, reddas societati,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167:
(pecuniam) in aerarium,
Liv. 37, 57, 12; cf.: pecuniam operi publico, to charge to, i. e. to set down as applied to, Cic. Fl. 19, 44.— So, too, acceptum and in acceptum referre, to place to one ' s credit, in a lit. and trop. sense (v. accipio).— Hence, transf.: aliquem (aliquid) in numero (as above, in rationibus), in numerum, etc., to count or reckon a person or thing among:
Democritus, qui imagines eorumque circuitus in deorum numero refert,
Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29:
(Caesar, Claudius) in deorum numerum relatus est,
Suet. Caes. 88; id. Claud. 45:
Ponticus Heraclides terram et caelum refert in deos,
Cic. N. D. 1, 13, 34:
nostri oratorii libri in Eundem librorum numerum referendi videntur,
id. Div. 2, 1, 4: hoc nomen in codicem relatum, id. Rosc. Com. B. and K. (al. in codice).—With inter (postAug. and freq.):
ut inter deos referretur (August.),
Suet. Aug. 97:
diem inter festos, nefastos,
Tac. A. 13, 41 fin.:
hi tamen inter Germanos referuntur,
id. G. 46; Suet. Claud. 11; id. Tib. 53:
dumque refert inter meritorum maxima, demptos Aesonis esse situs,
Ov. M. 7, 302:
intellectum est, quod inter divos quoque referretur,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 14:
inter sidera referre,
Hyg. Fab. 192:
inter praecipua crudelitatis indicia referendus,
Val. Max. 9, 2, ext. 5:
inter insulas,
Plin. 5, 9, 9, § 48:
dicebat quasdam esse quaestiones, quae deberent inter res judicatas referri,
Sen. Contr. 2, 11, 12:
eodem Q. Caepionem referrem,
I should place in the same category, Cic. Brut. 62, 223.—
4.
Referre aliquid ad aliquid, to trace back, ascribe, refer a thing to any thing:
qui pecudum ritu ad voluptatem omnia referunt,
Cic. Lael. 9, 32:
omnia ad igneam vim,
id. N. D. 3, 14, 35:
omnia ad incolumitatem et ad libertatem suam,
id. Rep. 1, 32, 49; 1, 26, 41:
in historiā quaeque ad veritatem, in poëmate pleraque ad delectationem,
id. Leg. 1, 1, 5; id. Off. 1, 16, 52 et saep. al.:
hunc ipsum finem definiebas id esse, quo omnia, quae recte fierent, referrentur, neque id ipsum usquam referretur,
id. Fin. 2, 2, 5; cf.
nusquam,
id. ib. 1, 9, 29:
ad commonendum oratorem, quo quidque referat,
id. de Or. 1, 32, 145:
hinc omne principium, huc refer exitum,
Hor. C. 3, 6, 6.— With dat.:
cujus adversa pravitati ipsius, prospera ad fortunam referebat,
Tac. A. 14, 38 fin. — In Tac. once with in:
quidquid ubique magnificum est, in claritatem ejus (sc. Herculis) referre consensimus,
Tac. G. 34.—Rarely of persons;
as: tuum est Caesar, quid nunc mihi animi sit, ad te ipsum referre,
Cic. Deiot. 2, 7.— Absol.: ita inserere oportet referentem ad fructum, meliore genere ut sit surculus, etc., one who looks to or cares for the fruit, Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 6.—
5.
Culpam in aliquem referre, to throw the blame upon, accuse, hold responsible for, etc. (post-Aug.):
hic, quod in adversis rebis solet fieri, alius in alium culpam referebant,
Curt. 4, 3, 7; Aug. contr. Man. 2, 17, 25 Hier. Epp. 1, 9 fin.: cf.:
augere ejus, in quem referet crimen, culpam,
Cic. Inv. 2, 28, 83:
causa ad matrem referebatur,
Tac. A. 6, 49:
causam abscessus ad Sejani artes,
id. ib. 4, 57.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > refero
10 dico

1.
dĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 (dixe for dixisse, Val. Ant. ap. Arn. 5, 1; DICASSIT dixerit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 75, 15; rather = dicaverit), v. a. [orig. the same word with 2. dīco; cf. the meaning of abdĭco and abdīco, of indĭco and indīco, dedĭco, no. II. A. al., Corss. Ausspr. 1, 380].
I.
To proclaim, make known. So perh. only in the foll. passage: pugnam, Lucil. ap. Non. 287, 30.—Far more freq.,
II.
Relig. t. t., to dedicate, consecrate, devote any thing to a deity or to a deified person (for syn. cf.: dedico, consecro, inauguro).
A.
Prop.: et me dicabo atque animam devotabo hostibus, Att. ap. Non. 98, 12:
donum tibi (sc. Jovi) dicatum atque promissum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72; cf.:
ara condita atque dicata,
Liv. 1, 7 (for which aram condidit dedicavitque, id. 28, 46 fin.); so,
aram,
id. 1, 7; 1, 20:
capitolium, templum Jovis O. M.,
id. 22, 38 fin.:
templa,
Ov. F. 1, 610:
delubrum ex manubiis,
Plin. 7, 26, 27, § 97:
lychnuchum Apollini,
id. 34, 3, 8, § 14:
statuas Olympiae,
id. 34, 4, 9, § 16:
vehiculum,
Tac. G. 40:
carmen Veneri,
Plin. 37, 10, 66, § 178; cf. Suet. Ner. 10 fin. et saep.:
cygni Apollini dicati,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 73.—
2.
With a personal object, to consecrate, to deify (cf. dedico, no. II. A. b.):
Janus geminus a Numa dicatus,
Plin. 34, 7, 16, § 34:
inter numina dicatus Augustus,
Tac. A. 1, 59.—
B.
Transf., beyond the relig. sphere.
1.
To give up, set apart, appropriate a thing to any one: recita;
aurium operam tibi dico,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 72; so,
operam,
id. Ps. 1, 5, 147; Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 12:
hunc totum diem tibi,
Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7:
tuum studium meae laudi,
id. Fam. 2, 6, 4:
genus (orationis) epidicticum gymnasiis et palaestrae,
id. Or. 13, 42:
librum Maecenati,
Plin. 19, 10, 57, § 177; cf.:
librum laudibus ptisanae,
id. 18, 7, 15, § 75 al.:
(Deïopeam) conubio jungam stabili propriamque dicabo,
Verg. A. 1, 73; cf. the same verse, ib. 4, 126:
se Crasso,
Cic. de Or. 3, 3, 11; cf.: se Remis in clientelam, * Caes. B. G. 6, 12, 7:
se alii civitati,
to become a free denizen of it, Cic. Balb. 11, 28;
for which: se in aliam civitatem,
id. ib. 12 fin. —
* 2.
(I. q. dedico, no. II. A.) To consecrate a thing by using it for the first time:
nova signa novamque aquilam,
Tac. H. 5, 16.— Hence, dĭcātus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to no. II.), devoted, consecrated, dedicated:
loca Christo dedicatissima, August. Civ. Dei, 3, 31: CONSTANTINO AETERNO AVGVSTO ARRIVS DIOTIMVS... N. M. Q. (i. e. numini majestatique) EIVS DICATISSIMVS,
Inscr. Orell. 1083.
2.
dīco, xi, ctum, 3 ( praes. DEICO, Inscr. Orell. 4848; imp. usu. dic; cf. duc, fac, fer, from duco, etc., DEICVNTO, and perf. DEIXSERINT, P. C. de Therm. ib. 3673; imp. dice, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 298, 29 Müll.; Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 109; id. Bac. 4, 4, 65; id. Merc. 1, 2, 47 al.; cf. Quint. 1, 6, 21; fut. dicem = dicam, Cato ap. Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 72, 6 Müll.—Another form of the future is dicebo, Novius ap. Non. 507 (Com. v. 8 Rib.). — Perf. sync.:
dixti,
Plaut. As. 4, 2, 14; id. Trin. 2, 4, 155; id. Mil. 2, 4, 12 et saep.; Ter. And. 3, 1, 1; 3, 2, 38; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 100 et saep.; Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 10; id. N. D. 3, 9, 23; id. Caecin. 29, 82; acc. to Quint. 9, 3, 22.— Perf. subj.:
dixis,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 46; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.:
dixem = dixissem,
Plaut. Pseud. 1, 5, 84; inf. dixe = dix isse, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 105, 23; Varr. ib. 451, 16; Arn. init.; Aus. Sept. Sap. de Cleob. 8; inf. praes. pass. dicier, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 32; Vatin. in Cic. Fam. 5, 9 al.), v. a. [root DIC = DEIK in deiknumi; lit., to show; cf. dikê, and Lat. dicis, ju-dex, dicio], to say, tell, mention, relate, affirm, declare, state; to mean, intend (for syn. cf.: for, loquor, verba facio, dicto, dictito, oro, inquam, aio, fabulor, concionor, pronuntio, praedico, recito, declamo, affirmo, assevero, contendo; also, nomino, voco, alloquor, designo, nuncupo; also, decerno, jubeo, statuo, etc.; cf. also, nego.—The person addressed is usually put in dat., v. the foll.: dicere ad aliquem, in eccl. Lat., stands for the Gr. eipein pros tina, Vulg. Luc. 2, 34 al.; cf. infra I. B. 2. g).
I.
Lit.
A.
In gen.:
Amphitruonis socium nae me esse volui dicere,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 228:
advenisse familiarem dicito,
id. ib. 1, 1, 197:
haec uti sunt facta ero dicam,
id. ib. 1, 1, 304; cf. ib. 2, 1, 23:
signi dic quid est?
id. ib. 1, 1, 265:
si dixero mendacium,
id. ib. 1, 1, 43; cf.
opp. vera dico,
id. ib. 1, 1, 238 al.:
quo facto aut dicto adest opus,
id. ib. 1, 1, 15; cf.:
dictu opus est,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 68:
nihil est dictu facilius,
id. Phorm. 2, 1, 70:
turpe dictu,
id. Ad. 2, 4, 11:
indignis si male dicitur, bene dictum id esse dico,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 27:
ille, quem dixi,
whom I have mentioned, named, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45 et saep.: vel dicam = vel potius, or rather:
stuporem hominis vel dicam pecudis attendite,
Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30; cf.:
mihi placebat Pomponius maxime vel dicam minime displicebat,
id. Brut. 57, 207; so id. ib. 70, 246; id. Fam. 4, 7, 3 al.—
b.
Dicitur, dicebatur, dictum est, impers. with acc. and inf., it is said, related, maintained, etc.; or, they say, affirm, etc.: de hoc (sc. Diodoro) Verri dicitur, habere eum, etc., it is reported to Verres that, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18:
non sine causa dicitur, ad ea referri omnes nostras cogitationes,
id. Fin. 3, 18, 60; so,
dicitur,
Nep. Paus. 5, 3; Quint. 5, 7, 33; 7, 2, 44; Ov. F. 4, 508:
Titum multo apud patrem sermone orasse dicebatur, ne, etc.,
Tac. H. 4, 52; so,
dicebatur,
id. A. 1, 10:
in hac habitasse platea dictum'st Chrysidem,
Ter. And. 4, 5, 1:
dictum est,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 5; Liv. 38, 56; Quint. 6, 1, 27:
ut pulsis hostibus dici posset, eos, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 46, 3. Cf. also: hoc, illud dicitur, with acc. and inf., Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 72; id. de Or. 1, 33, 150; Quint. 4, 2, 91; 11, 3, 177 al. —Esp. in histt. in reference to what has been previously related:
ut supra dictum est,
Sall. J. 96, 1:
sicut ante dictum est,
Nep. Dion. 9, 5; cf. Curt. 3, 7, 7; 5, 1, 11; 8, 6, 2 et saep.—
c.
(See Zumpt, Gram. § 607.) Dicor, diceris, dicitur, with nom. and inf., it is said that I, thou, he, etc.; or, they say that I, thou, etc.:
ut nos dicamur duo omnium dignissimi esse,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 47: cf. Quint. 4, 4, 6:
dicar Princeps Aeolium carmen ad Italos Deduxisse modos,
Hor. Od. 3, 30, 10 al.:
illi socius esse diceris,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 72: aedes Demaenetus ubi [p. 571] dicitur habitare, id. As. 2, 3, 2:
qui (Pisistratus) primus Homeri libros confusos antea sic disposuisse dicitur, ut nunc habemus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 34, 137 et saep.:
quot annos nata dicitur?
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 89:
is nunc dicitur venturus peregre,
id. Truc. 1, 1, 66 et saep. In a double construction, with nom. and inf., and acc. and inf. (acc. to no. b. and c.): petisse dicitur major Titius... idque ab eis facile (sc. eum) impetrasse, Auct. B. Afr. 28 fin.; so Suet. Oth. 7.—
d.
Dictum ac factum or dictum factum (Gr. hama epos hama ergon), in colloq. lang., no sooner said than done, without delay, Ter. And. 2, 3, 7:
dictum ac factum reddidi,
it was "said and done" with me, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 12; 5, 1, 31; cf.:
dicto citius,
Verg. A. 1, 142; Hor. S. 2, 2, 80; and:
dicto prope citius,
Liv. 23, 47, 6.—
B.
In partic.
1.
Pregn.
a.
To assert, affirm a thing as certain (opp. nego):
quem esse negas, eundem esse dicis,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12; cf.:
dicebant, ego negabam,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 5; and:
quibus creditum non sit negantibus, iisdem credatur dicentibus?
id. Rab. Post. 12, 35.—
b.
For dico with a negative, nego is used, q. v.; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 799;
but: dicere nihil esse pulchrius, etc.,
Liv. 30, 12, 6; 21, 9, 3 Fabri; so,
freq. in Liv. when the negation precedes,
id. 30, 22, 5; 23, 10, 13 al.; cf. Krebs, Antibar. p. 355.—
2.
dico is often inserted parenthetically, to give emphasis to an apposition:
utinam C. Caesari, patri, dico adulescenti contigisset, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 49; id. Tusc. 5, 36, 105; id. Planc. 12, 30; Quint. 9, 2, 83; cf. Cic. Or. 58, 197; id. Tusc. 4, 16, 36; Sen. Ep. 14, 6; id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 1, 6, 24:
ille mihi praesidium dederat, cum dico mihi, senatui dico populoque Romano,
Cic. Phil. 11, 8, 20; Sen. Ep. 83, 12; Plin. Ep. 2, 20, 2; 3, 2, 2.—
3.
In rhetor. and jurid. lang., to pronounce, deliver, rehearse, speak any thing.
(α).
With acc.:
oratio dicta de scripto,
Cic. Planc. 30 fin.; cf.:
sententiam de scripto,
id. Att. 4, 3, 3:
controversias,
Quint. 3, 8, 51; 9, 2, 77:
prooemium ac narrationem et argumenta,
id. 2, 20, 10:
exordia,
id. 11, 3, 161:
theses et communes locos,
id. 2, 1, 9:
materias,
id. 2, 4, 41:
versus,
Cic. Or. 56, 189; Quint. 6, 3, 86:
causam, of the defendant or his attorney,
to make a defensive speech, to plead in defence, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5; id. Quint. 8; id. Sest. 8; Quint. 5, 11, 39; 7, 4, 3; 8, 2, 24 al.; cf.
causas (said of the attorney),
Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 5; 2, 8, 32 al.:
jus,
to pronounce judgment, id. Fl. 3; id. Fam. 13, 14; hence the praetor's formula: DO, DICO, ADDICO; v. do, etc.—
(β).
With ad and acc. pers., to plead before a person or tribunal:
ad unum judicem,
Cic. Opt. Gen. 4, 10:
ad quos? ad me, si idoneus videor qui judicem, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 72; Liv. 3, 41.—
(γ).
With ad and acc. of thing, to speak in reference to, in reply to:
non audeo ad ista dicere,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 32, 78; id. Rep. 1, 18, 30.—
(δ).
Absol.:
nec idem loqui, quod dicere,
Cic. Or. 32:
est oratoris proprium, apte, distincte, ornate dicere,
id. Off. 1, 1, 2; so,
de aliqua re pro aliquo, contra aliquem, etc., innumerable times in Cic. and Quint.: dixi, the t. t. at the end of a speech,
I have done, Cic. Verr. 1 fin. Ascon. and Zumpt, a. h. 1.;
thus, dixerunt, the t. t. by which the praeco pronounced the speeches of the parties to be finished,
Quint. 1, 5, 43; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 6, 4, 7.— Transf. beyond the judicial sphere:
causam nullam or causam haud dico,
I have no objection, Plaut. Mil. 5, 34; id. Capt. 3, 4, 92; Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 42.—
4.
To describe, relate, sing, celebrate in writing (mostly poet.):
tibi dicere laudes,
Tib. 1, 3, 31; so,
laudes Phoebi et Dianae,
Hor. C. S. 76:
Dianam, Cynthium, Latonam,
id. C. 1, 21, 1:
Alciden puerosque Ledae,
id. ib. 1, 12, 25:
caelestes, pugilemve equumve,
id. ib. 4, 2, 19:
Pelidae stomachum,
id. ib. 1, 6, 5:
bella,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 26; Liv. 7, 29:
carmen,
Hor. C. 1, 32, 3; id. C. S. 8; Tib. 2, 1, 54:
modos,
Hor. C. 3, 11, 7:
silvestrium naturas,
Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 138 et saep.:
temporibus Augusti dicendis non defuere decora ingenia,
Tac. A. 1, 1; id. H. 1, 1:
vir neque silendus neque dicendus sine cura,
Vell. 2, 13.—
b.
Of prophecies, to predict, foretell:
bellicosis fata Quiritibus Hac lege dico, ne, etc.,
Hor. C. 3, 3, 58:
sortes per carmina,
id. A. P. 403:
quicquid,
id. S. 2, 5, 59:
hoc (Delphi),
Ov. Tr. 4, 8, 43 et saep.—
5.
To pronounce, articulate a letter, syllable, word: Demosthenem scribit Phalereus, cum Rho dicere nequiret, etc., Cic. Div. 2, 46, 96; id. de Or. 1, 61, 260; Quint. 1, 4, 8; 1, 7, 21 al.—
6.
To call, to name: habitum quendam vitalem corporis esse, harmoniam Graii quam dicunt, Lucr. 3, 106; cf.: Latine dicimus elocutionem, quam Graeci phrasin vocant, Quint. 8, 1, 1:
Chaoniamque omnem Trojano a Chaone dixit,
Verg. A. 3, 335:
hic ames dici pater atque princeps,
Hor. Od. 1, 2, 50:
uxor quondam tua dicta,
Verg. A. 2, 678 et saep. —Prov.:
dici beatus ante obitum nemo debet,
Ov. M. 3, 135.—
7.
To name, appoint one to an office:
ut consules roget praetor vel dictatorem dicat,
Cic. Att. 9, 15, 2: so,
dictatorem,
Liv. 5, 9; 7, 26; 8, 29:
consulem,
id. 10, 15; 24, 9; 26, 22 (thrice):
magistrum equitum,
id. 6, 39:
aedilem,
id. 9, 46:
arbitrum bibendi,
Hor. Od. 2, 7, 26 et saep.—
8.
To appoint, set apart. fix upon, settle:
nam mea bona meis cognatis dicam, inter eos partiam,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 113; cf. Pompon. ap. Non. 280, 19:
dotis paululum vicino suo,
Afran. ib. 26:
pecuniam omnem suam doti,
Cic. Fl. 35: quoniam inter nos nuptiae sunt dictae, Afran. ap. Non. 280, 24; cf.:
diem nuptiis,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 75:
diem operi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 57:
diem juris,
Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 16:
diem exercitui ad conveniendum Pharas,
Liv. 36, 8; cf. id. 42, 28, and v. dies:
locum consiliis,
id. 25, 16:
leges pacis,
id. 33, 12; cf.:
leges victis,
id. 34, 57:
legem tibi,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 18; Ov. M. 6, 137; cf.:
legem sibi,
to give sentence upon one's self, id. ib. 13, 72:
pretium muneri,
Hor. C. 4, 8, 12 et saep.—With inf.: prius data est, quam tibi dari dicta, Pac. ap. Non. 280, 28. — Pass. impers.:
eodem Numida inermis, ut dictum erat, accedit,
Sall. J. 113, 6.—
9.
To utter, express, esp. in phrases:
non dici potest, dici vix potest, etc.: non dici potest quam flagrem desiderio urbis,
Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 17, 5:
dici vix potest quanta sit vis, etc.,
id. Leg. 2, 15, 38; id. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 127; id. Or. 17, 55; id. Red. ad Quir. 1, 4; cf. Quint. 2, 2, 8; 11, 3, 85.—
10.
(Mostly in colloq. lang.) Alicui, like our vulg. to tell one so and so, for to admonish, warn, threaten him:
dicebam, pater, tibi, ne matri consuleres male,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 88; cf. Nep. Datam. 5; Ov. Am. 1, 14, 1.—Esp. freq.:
tibi (ego) dico,
I tell you, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 30; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 76; id. Men. 2, 3, 27; id. Mil. 2, 2, 62 et saep.; Ter. And. 1, 2, 33 Ruhnk.; id. ib. 4, 4, 23; id. Eun. 2, 3, 46; 87; Phaedr. 4, 19, 18; cf.:
tibi dicimus,
Ov. H. 20, 153; id. M. 9, 122; so, dixi, I have said it, i. e. you may depend upon it, it shall be done, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 90; 92.—
11.
Dicere sacramentum or sacramento, to take an oath, to swear; v. sacramentum.
II.
Transf., i. q. intellego, Gr. phêmi, to mean so and so; it may sometimes be rendered in English by namely, to wit:
nec quemquam vidi, qui magis ea, quae timenda esse negaret, timeret, mortem dico et deos,
Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 86; id. de Or. 3, 44, 174: M. Sequar ut institui divinum illum virum, quem saepius fortasse laudo quam necesse est. At. Platonem videlicet dicis, id. Leg. 3, 1:
uxoris dico, non tuam,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 30 et saep.—Hence, dictum, i, n., something said, i. e. a saying, a word.
A.
In gen.: haut doctis dictis certantes sed male dictis, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 274 Vahl.; acc. to Hertz.: nec maledictis); so,
istaec dicta dicere,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 40:
docta,
id. ib. 2, 2, 99; id. Men. 2, 1, 24; Lucr. 5, 113; cf.
condocta,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 3:
meum,
id. As. 2, 4, 1:
ridiculum,
id. Capt. 3, 1, 22:
minimum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 9:
ferocibus dictis rem nobilitare,
Liv. 23, 47, 4 al.:
ob admissum foede dictumve superbe,
Lucr. 5, 1224; cf.
facete,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 73; id. Poen. 3, 3, 24; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 57; Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104 al.:
lepide,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 103:
absurde,
id. Capt. 1, 1, 3:
vere,
Nep. Alc. 8, 4:
ambigue,
Hor. A. P. 449 et saep.—Pleon.:
feci ego istaec dicta quae vos dicitis (sc. me fecisse),
Plaut. Casin. 5, 4, 17.—
B.
In partic.
1.
A saying, maxim, proverb:
aurea dicta,
Lucr. 3, 12; cf.
veridica,
id. 6, 24: Catonis est dictum. Pedibus compensari pecuniam, Cic. Fl. 29 fin. Hence, the title of a work by Caesar: Dicta collectanea (his Apophthegmata, mentioned in Cic. Fam. 9, 16), Suet. Caes. 56.—Esp. freq.,
2.
For facete dictum, a witty saying, bon-mot, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 54 fin. (cf. Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 1 fin.); Cic. Phil. 2, 17; Quint. 6, 3, 2; 16; 36; Liv. 7, 33, 3; Hor. A. P. 273 et saep.; cf. also, dicterium.—
3.
Poetry, verse (abstr. and concr.): dicti studiosus, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 18, 71:
rerum naturam expandere dictis,
Lucr. 1, 126; 5, 56:
Ennius hirsuta cingat sua dicta corona,
Prop. 4 (5), 1, 61.—
4.
A prediction, prophecy, Lucr. 1, 103; Verg. A. 2, 115; Val. Fl. 2, 326 al.; cf. dictio.—
5.
An order, command:
dicto paruit consul,
Liv. 9, 41; cf. Verg. A. 3, 189; Ov. M. 8, 815:
haec dicta dedit,
Liv. 3, 61; cf. id. 7, 33; 8, 34; 22, 25 al.: dicto audientem esse and dicto audire alicui, v. audio.—
6.
A promise, assurance:
illi dixerant sese dedituros... Cares, tamen, non dicto capti, etc.,
Nep. Milt. 2, 5; Fur. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 34.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dico
11 meddix

meddix ( medix), icis, m. [from the root med-, medeor; cf. Homeric medontes], he who cares for, attends to, a curator, the title of a magistrate among the Oscans: meddix apud Oscos nomen magistratūs est. Ennius: summus ibi capitur meddix, occiditur alter, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll. (Enn. Ann. v. 296 Vahl.).—With the epithet tuticus (which prob. answers to the summus of Ennius, and is allied to totus), joined into one word, meddixtuticus or medixtuticus, Liv. 24, 19, 2; 26, 6, 13:
is summus magistratus erat Campanis,
id. 23, 35, 13.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > meddix

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